ReviewExperimental & molecular medicine2019
STING signaling and host defense against microbial infection.
Review in Experimental & molecular medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 181 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic significance of STING expression in solid tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- cGAS/STING sensing in dendritic cells discriminates between daptomycin sensitive and resistantiScience · 2026Article
- Bat-Inspired Longevity: Immune Damage Management and Nutritional Modulation for Healthy Aging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Molecular Mechanism in Hybrid Crucian Carp (Carassius cuvieri♀ × Carassius auratus Red var♂) after Gut Infection with Aeromonas hydrophila L3-3.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Spreading depolarization activates the cGAS-STING pathway and drives cranial nociception: therapeutic potential of STING modulation.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 mediated lupus nephritis induced podocytes pyroptosis through DNMT1-STING axis.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Macromolecular Diamidobenzimidazole Conjugates Can Activate Stimulator of Interferon Genes.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- cGAS, an innate dsDNA sensor with multifaceted functions.Cell insight · 2025Review
- Review
- Progress Update on STING Agonists as Vaccine Adjuvants.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Enhancing the immunogenicity of lipid-nanoparticle mRNA vaccines by adjuvanting the ionizable lipid and the mRNA.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Research and progress of cGAS/STING/NLRP3 signaling pathway: a mini review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Cyclic di-AMP alleviates periodontitis by activating PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathways.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association study and transcriptomic analysis reveal the crucial role ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- What goes up must come down: dynamics of type 1 interferon signaling across the lifespan.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Metabolic regulation of interferon-mediated innate antiviral immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Immune mechanism ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The role of the interplay between macrophage glycolytic reprogramming and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Review
- Role of cGAS/STING pathway in aging and sexual dimorphism in diabetic kidney disease.JCI insight · 2024Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The first line of host defense against infectious agents involves activation of innate immune signaling pathways that recognize specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Key triggers of innate immune signaling are now known to include microbial-specific nucleic acid, which is rapidly detected in the cytosol of the cell. For example, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) have evolved to detect viral RNA species and to activate the production of host defense molecules and cytokines that stimulate adaptive immune responses. In addition, host defense countermeasures, including the production of type I interferons (IFNs), can also be triggered by microbial DNA from bacteria, viruses and perhaps parasites and are regulated by the cytosolic sensor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING). STING-dependent signaling is initiated by cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) generated by intracellular bacteria following infection. CDNs can also be synthesized by a cellular synthase, cGAS, following interaction with invasive cytosolic self-DNA or microbial DNA species. The importance of STING signaling in host defense is evident since numerous pathogens have developed strategies to prevent STING function. Here, we review the relevance of STING-controlled innate immune signaling in host defense against pathogen invasion, including microbial endeavors to subvert this critical process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.