ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Introducing Patterns of Variability for Overcoming Compensatory Adaptation of the Immune System to Immunomodulatory Agents: A Novel Method for Improving Clinical Response to Anti-TNF Therapies.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel therapeutic regimen based on the constrained-disorder principles may improve the response to dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis: Findings from an exploratory feasibility open-label clinical trial.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Biopsy-Based Molecular Signatures Predicting Therapeutic Response in Ulcerative Colitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A feasibility open-label clinical trial utilizing second-generation artificial intelligence based on the constrained-disorder principle in patients with Parkinson's disease.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Biological Systems Depend on Communication Over Distances: A Review of the Fundamental Mechanisms, Associated challenges, and the Potential Effect of the Constrained Disorder Principle.Acta biotheoretica · 2026Review
- The constrained disorder principle accounts for quantum effects in biological systems.Journal of medicine and life · 2026Review
- Variability in Exercise is Linked to Improved Age-related Dysfunctions, Suggesting a Potential Role for the Constrained-Disorder Principle-based Second-Generation Artificial Intelligence System.Current aging science · 2026Article
- The Constrained Disorder Principle: A Paradigm Shift for Accurate Interactome Mapping and Information Analysis in Complex Biological Systems.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The constrained disorder principle emphasizes the importance of variability boundaries for systems to function effectively.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Article
- A constrained disorder principle-based second-generation artificial intelligence digital medical cannabis system: A real-world data analysis.Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Macrophages: emerging targets for ulcerative colitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Machine Learning of Serum Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles Can Classify Inflammatory Bowel Disease Beyond Clinical Diagnosis.Gastro hep advances · 2025Article
- Inter-organ correlations in inflammation regulation: a novel biological paradigm in a murine model.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Article
- Understanding gut microbial diversity using systems based on the Constrained-Disorder Principle provides a novel approach to targeting gut microbiome therapies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Free Will as Defined by the Constrained Disorder Principle: a Restricted, Mandatory, Personalized, Regulated Process for Decision-Making.Integrative psychological & behavioral science · 2024Review
- The Co-Piloting Model for Using Artificial Intelligence Systems in Medicine: Implementing the Constrained-Disorder-Principle-Based Second-Generation System.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Predicting the Time to Relapse Following Withdrawal from Different Biologics in Patients with Psoriasis who Responded to Therapy: A 12-Year Multicenter Cohort Study.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2024Observational
- A Feasibility Open-Labeled Clinical Trial Using a Second-Generation Artificial-Intelligence-Based Therapeutic Regimen in Patients with Gaucher Disease Treated with Enzyme Replacement Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Constrained Disorder Principle May Account for Consciousness.Brain sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary lack of response and secondary loss of response (LOR) are major obstacles to the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-based therapies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we review the mechanisms and methods for predicting LOR and the currently used methods for overcoming the ineffectiveness of anti-TNFs. The complex functions of TNF and anti-TNF antibodies, which can promote both pro- or anti-inflammatory actions, and the factors that affect the induction of immune tolerance to their effects are presented. The lack of rules and the continuous dynamics of the immune processes partly underlie the unpredictability of the response to anti-TNFs. Variability is inherent to biological systems, including immune processes, and intra/inter-patient variability has been described in the response to drugs. This variability is viewed as a compensatory adaptation mechanism of the immune system in response to drugs and may contribute to treatment LOR. Dose reductions and drug holidays have been tested in patients treated with anti-TNFs. Regular dose-based regimens may be incompatible with physiological variability, further contributing to treatment inefficacy. We present the concept of overcoming immune system adaptation to anti-TNFs by introducing patient-tailored patterns of variability to treatment regimens.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.