ArticleMicrobiome2019
Discordant transmission of bacteria and viruses from mothers to babies at birth.
Article in Microbiome, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A meta-analysis of infant gut viromes reveals global patterns in bacteriophage community assembly and functional capacity over the first three years of life.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal gut microbiota in the postpartum Period: A Systematic review.European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology · 2023Pooled it
- Dynamic Changes in Breast Milk Microbiome in the Early Postpartum Period of Kenyan Women Living with HIV Are Influenced by Antibiotics but Not Antiretrovirals.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Trial
- The enteric DNA virome differs in infants at risk for atopic disease.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Article
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Mother-to-offspring microbial vertical transmission: timing, determinants, and impact on offspring susceptibility to gastrointestinal diseases.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- First-year dynamics of the plasma virome and cytokine profile in infants born to mothers with syphilis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Gut virome dynamics: from commensal to critical player in health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Digging deeper into necrotizing enterocolitis: bridging clinical, microbial, and molecular perspectives.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Maternal consumption of urbanized diet compromises early-life health in association with gut microbiota.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Effects of prenatal bifidobacterium supplementation on the gut microbiome in preterm infants of preeclamptic mothers.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Negativeome characterization and decontamination in early-life virome studies.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Trace Element Exposure during Pregnancy Has a Persistent Influence on Perinatal Gut Microbiota in Mother-Infant Dyads.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- The influence of maternal gut and vaginal microbiota on gastrointestinal colonization of neonates born vaginally and per caesarean section.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Gut phages and their interactions with bacterial and mammalian hosts.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- The Role of Infant and Early Childhood Gut Virome in Immunity and the Triggering of Autoimmunity-A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Does preeclampsia impact the gut microbiota of preterm offspring during early infancy?Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe earliest microbial colonizers of the human gut can have life-long consequences for their hosts. Precisely how the neonatal gut bacterial microbiome and virome are initially populated is not well understood. To better understand how the maternal gut microbiome influences acquisition of the infant gut microbiome, we studied the early life bacterial microbiomes and viromes of 28 infant twin pairs and their mothers.
resultsInfant bacterial and viral communities more closely resemble those of their related co-twin than unrelated infants. We found that 63% of an infant's bacterial microbiome can be traced to their mother's gut microbiota. In contrast, only 15% of their viral communities are acquired from their mother. Delivery route did not determine how much of the bacterial microbiome or virome was shared from mother to infant. However, bacteria-bacteriophage interactions were altered by delivery route.
conclusionsThe maternal gut microbiome significantly influences infant gut microbiome acquisition. Vertical transmission of the bacterial microbiome is substantially higher compared to vertical transmission of the virome. However, the degree of similarity between the maternal and infant gut bacterial microbiome and virome did not vary by delivery route. The greater similarity of the bacterial microbiome and virome between twin pairs than unrelated twins may reflect a shared environmental exposure. Thus, differences of the inter-generation transmissibility at birth between the major kingdoms of microbes indicate that the foundation of these microbial communities are shaped by different rules. Video Abstract.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.