ArticlePharmaceutical research2019
Aerosol Pirfenidone Pharmacokinetics after Inhaled Delivery in Sheep: a Viable Approach to Treating Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib attenuates established pulmonary fibrosis in a large animal model.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Pregnancy does not affect progression of mild experimental asthma in sheep.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Interstitial Lung Disease: Not So Fast.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Bibliometric analysis of the pirfenidone and nintedanib in interstitial lung diseases.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Alveolar macrophage phagocytosis-evading inhaled microgels incorporating nintedanib-PLGA nanoparticles and pirfenidone-liposomes for improved treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.Bioactive materials · 2024Article
- Emerging delivery approaches for targeted pulmonary fibrosis treatment.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Aerosol pulmonary immune engineering.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Single-dose pharmacokinetics and lung function of nebulized niclosamide ethanolamine in sheep.Pharmaceutical research · 2023Article
- Article
- Liposomal Forms of Fluoroquinolones and Antifibrotics Decorated with Mannosylated Chitosan for Inhalation Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- HSPB5 Inhibition by NCI-41356 Reduces Experimental Lung Fibrosis by Blocking TGF-β1 Signaling.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Liposomes are Poorly AbsorbedFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Co-Spray Dried Nafamostat Mesylate with Lecithin and Mannitol as Respirable Microparticles for Targeted Pulmonary Delivery: Pharmacokinetics and Lung Distribution in Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Antifibrotic drugs in lung transplantation and chronic lung allograft dysfunction: a review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2021Review
- Drug Repurposing in the COVID-19 Era: Insights from Case Studies Showing Pharmaceutical Peculiarities.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Attenuating COVID-19 infection and inflammation: Lessons from asthma.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeInhaled delivery of pirfenidone to the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis holds promise to eliminate oral-observed side effects while enhancing efficacy. This study aimed to comprehensively describe the pulmonary pharmacokinetics of inhaled aerosol pirfenidone in healthy adult sheep.
methodsPirfenidone concentrations were evaluated in plasma, lung-derived lymph and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) with data subjected to non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis.
resultsCompartmental pharmacokinetic evaluation indicated that a 49 mg lung-deposited dose delivered an ELF Cmax of 62 ± 23 mg/L, and plasma Cmax of 3.1 ± 1.7 mg/L. Further analysis revealed that plasma pirfenidone reached Tmax faster and at higher concentrations than in lymph. These results suggested inhaled pirfenidone was cleared from the alveolar interstitium via blood faster than the drug could equilibrate between the lung interstitial fluid and lung lymphatics. However, the data also suggested that a 'reservoir' of pirfenidone feeds into lung lymph at later time points (after it has largely been cleared from plasma), prolonging lung lymphatic exposure.
conclusionsThis study indicates inhaled pirfenidone efficiently deposits in ELF and is cleared from the lungs by initial absorption into plasma, followed by later equilibrium with lung interstitial and lymph fluid.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.