ReviewCirculation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes2019
Fragility Index in Cardiovascular Randomized Controlled Trials.
Review in Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Statistical Fragility of Saline Nasal Irrigation for Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review.The Laryngoscope · 2026Pooled it
- How statistically fragile are randomized controlled trials comparing quadriceps tendon autografts with hamstring or bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Pooled it
- The fragility of statistical findings in the intertrochanteric fracture fixation literature: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluation of the robustness of randomized controlled trials for the treatment modalities of esophageal cancer using the fragility index - a systematic review.Surgical endoscopy · 2024Pooled it
- How fragile the positive results of Chinese herbal medicine randomized controlled trials on irritable bowel syndrome are?BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Pooled it
- The Continuous Fragility Index of Statistically Significant Findings in Randomized Controlled Trials That Compare Interventions for Anterior Shoulder Instability.The American journal of sports medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The fragility index and reverse fragility index of FDA investigational device exemption trials in spinal fusion surgery: a systematic review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Pooled it
- Robustness of Longitudinal Safety and Efficacy After Paclitaxel-Based Endovascular Therapy for Treatment of Femoro-Popliteal Artery Occlusive Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Annals of vascular surgery · 2024Pooled it
- The statistical fragility of intramedullary reaming in tibial nail fixation: a systematic review.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2023Pooled it
- Assessing the robustness of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy trials: systematic review and meta-analysis, January 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Pooled it
- Robustness of outcomes in trials evaluating sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors for heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2022Pooled it
- Direct oral anticoagulants in cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: trial robustness and clinical trade-offs.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2026Article
- β-Blockers after myocardial infarction with preserved or mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Fragility of contemporary evidence.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Nonattainability of the Fragility Index.Cureus · 2026Article
- Assessing the statistical fragility of randomized controlled trials in hip and knee arthroplasty: A methodological review.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Review
- Fragility Index analysis for robustness of evidence in Randomized Controlled Trials in National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for rectal cancer.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Recurring low statistical robustness in orthopaedic surgery: A systematic review of 84 fragility index studies.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Review
- Fragility in cardiovascular randomized controlled trials with primary continuous outcomes (2018-2022) from multi-perspectives assessment: a cross-sectional survey.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Statistical Fragility of Findings From Randomized Phase 3 Trials in Pediatric Oncology.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Fragility Index and Fragility Quotient in Statistically Significant Randomized Controlled Trials in Plastic Breast Surgery.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEfficacy of an intervention is commonly evaluated using METHODS AND
resultsWe searched Medline from 2007 to 2017 to identify cardiovascular RCTs published in 6 high impact journals (
conclusionsConsiderable variations in FI were observed among cardiovascular trials, suggesting the need for careful interpretation of results, particularly when number of patients lost to follow-up exceeds FI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.