ArticlePloS one2019
HCV incidence is associated with injecting partner age and HCV serostatus mixing in young adults who inject drugs in San Francisco.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- HCV communication within ego-centric networks of men and women who inject drugs.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Trial
- Getting to full disclosure: HCV testing and status disclosure behaviors among PWID and their injecting partners.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Modeling the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on achieving HCV elimination amongst young and unstably housed people who inject drugs in San Francisco.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- HCV prevalence and phylogenetic characteristics in a cross-sectional, community study of young people who inject drugs in New York City: Opportunity for and threats to HCV elimination.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Injection partnership characteristics and HCV status associations with syringe and equipment sharing among people who inject drugs.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis C: a cross-sectional study of persons who inject drugs in Puerto Rico, 2018.BMC public health · 2023Article
- How the rural risk environment underpins hepatitis C risk: Qualitative findings from rural southern Illinois, United States.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Participants of a mail delivery syringe services program are underserved by other safe sources for sterile injection supplies.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- Will peer-based interventions improve hepatitis C virus treatment uptake among young people who inject drugs?Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2021Article
- Hepatitis C virus infection and polysubstance use among young adult people who inject drugs in a rural county of New Mexico.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Article
- Per-Contact Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus Acquisition in Association With Receptive Needle Sharing Exposures in a Prospective Cohort of Young Adult People who Inject Drugs in San Francisco, California.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Cascade of Care for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Young Adults Who Inject Drugs in a Rural County in New Mexico.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHCV incidence is increasing in the US, notably among younger people who inject drugs (PWID). In a cohort of young adult (age<30 years) PWID in San Francisco we examined whether 'injecting partner mixing' factors, i.e. age of partner and knowledge of their HCV serostatus, were associated with HCV transmission.
methodsIn 448 susceptible PWID studied prospectively. All participants were asked to report characteristics and behaviors they engaged in with up to 3 injecting partners defined as "people whom you injected the most with" in the past month". These partnerships did not specify that drugs or injecting equipment was shared. HCV incidence was estimated by age of up to 3 injecting partners, categorized as: (i) all <30; (ii) mixed-age (<&≥30); and (iii) all ≥30 years and perceived knowledge of the HCV status of participants' injecting partners' HCV status. Interaction was evaluated between partnership age categories and perceived HCV status of partners.
resultsBetween 2006-2018, overall HCV incidence (/100 person years observation [pyo]) was 19.4 (95% CI: 16.4, 22.9). Incidence was highest in those with mixed-age partnerships: 28.5 (95% CI: 21.8, 37.1) and those whose partners were all <30 (23.9; 95% CI: 18.8, 30.4), and lowest if partners were ≥30 (7.5; 95% CI: 4.8, 11.8). In a multivariable analyses adjusting for age, sex (of index), injection frequency, and injection partnership 'monogamy', we found evidence for an interaction: the highest HCV incidence was seen in PWID whose partners were all <30 and who knew at least one of their partners was HCV-positive (58.9, 95% CI: 43.3, 80.0; p<0.01).
conclusionsYounger injectors are more likely to acquire HCV from their similarly-aged peers, than older injecting partners. Protective seroadaptive behavior may contribute to reduce incidence. These findings can inform new HCV prevention approaches for young PWID needed to curb the HCV epidemic.
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