ArticleBehavior genetics2020
Midlife Study of the Louisville Twins: Connecting Cognitive Development to Biological and Cognitive Aging.
Article in Behavior genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Developmental Correlates of Epigenetic and Polygenic Indices of Cognition and Educational Attainment from Birth to Young Adulthood.Research square · 2026Article
- Developmental Correlates of Epigenetic and Polygenic Indices of Cognition and Educational Attainment from Birth to Young Adulthood.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular markers, mechanisms and metrics of biological aging: a scoping review.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Decreased hippocampal neurite density in late-middle-aged adults following prenatal exposure to higher levels of maternal inflammation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Decreased hippocampal neurite density in late middle-aged adults following prenatal exposure to higher levels of maternal inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Epigenome-wide association study of loneliness in a sample of U.S. middle-aged twins.Epigenetics · 2024Article
- Nonlinear Catch-Up Growth in Height, Weight, and Head Circumference from Birth to Adolescence: A Longitudinal Twin Study.Behavior genetics · 2023Article
- Nonlinear Catch-Up Growth in Height, Weight, and Head Circumference from Birth to Adolescence: A Longitudinal Twin Study.Research square · 2023Article
- Leveraging a genetically-informative study design to explore depression as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes: Rationale and participant characteristics of the Mood and Immune Regulation in Twins Study.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2023Article
- Genetic and environmental correlates of the nonlinear recovery of cognitive ability in Twins.Developmental psychology · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic status impacts genetic influences on the longitudinal dynamic relationship between temperament and general cognitive ability in childhood: The Louisville Twin Study.Child development · 2022Article
- Genetically informed, multilevel analysis of the Flynn Effect across four decades and three WISC versions.Child development · 2022Article
- Co-recovery of physical size and cognitive ability from infancy to adolescence: A twin study.Child developmentArticle
- Post-stroke cognitive decline among women in midlife.Women's health (London, England)Observational
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Louisville Twin Study (LTS) began in 1958 and became a premier longitudinal twin study of cognitive development. The LTS continuously collected data from twins through 2000 after which the study closed indefinitely due to lack of funding. Now that the majority of the sample is age 40 or older (61.36%, N = 1770), the LTS childhood data can be linked to midlife cognitive functioning, among other physical, biological, social, and psychiatric outcomes. We report results from two pilot studies in anticipation of beginning the midlife phase of the LTS. The first pilot study was a participant tracking study, in which we showed that approximately 90% of the Louisville families randomly sampled (N = 203) for the study could be found. The second pilot study consisted of 40 in-person interviews in which twins completed cognitive, memory, biometric, and functional ability measures. The main purpose of the second study was to correlate midlife measures of cognitive functioning to a measure of biological age, which is an alternative index to chronological age that quantifies age as a function of the breakdown of structural and functional physiological systems, and then to relate both of these measures to twins' cognitive developmental trajectories. Midlife IQ was uncorrelated with biological age (- .01) while better scores on episodic memory more strongly correlated with lower biological age (- .19 to - .31). As expected, midlife IQ positively correlated with IQ measures collected throughout childhood and adolescence. Additionally, positive linear rates of change in FSIQ scores in childhood significantly correlated with biological age (- .68), physical functioning (.71), and functional ability (- .55), suggesting that cognitive development predicts lower biological age, better physical functioning, and better functional ability. In sum, the Louisville twins can be relocated to investigate whether and how early and midlife cognitive and physical health factors contribute to cognitive aging.
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