ArticleSurgical endoscopy2020
Risk factors for postoperative bile leak in patients who underwent subtotal cholecystectomy.
Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy for difficult gallbladders: a lifesaving bailout or an incomplete operation?Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2024Pooled it
- Management, evolution and risk factors of bile leaks after subtotal cholecystectomies: a cohort study in Quito, Equador.Arquivos brasileiros de cirurgia digestiva : ABCD = Brazilian archives of digestive surgery · 2026Article
- Subtotal cholecystectomy for difficult gall bladder due to chronic cholecystitis: a retrospective cohort study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Omental patch as prevention for bile leak in patients undergoing subtotal cholecystectomy: a propensity score analysis.Updates in surgery · 2025Article
- Biliary anatomic variant and recurrent acute cholecystitis, cholelithiasis in gallbladder remnant in patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.Journal of surgical case reports · 2024Article
- Subtotal cholecystectomy with omental pedicle plug for the challenging gallbladder: A case report and review of the literature.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis following the Tokyo Guidelines 2018: a prospective single-center study of 201 consecutive cases.Surgical endoscopy · 2023Article
- Multiple logistic regression model to predict bile leak associated with subtotal cholecystectomy.Surgical endoscopy · 2023Article
- Does preoperative MRCP imaging predict risk for conversion to subtotal cholecystectomy in patients with acute cholecystitis?Surgical endoscopy · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSubtotal cholecystectomy (SC) is a procedure for avoiding the risk of bile duct injury, especially in patients with difficult gallbladders. However, recent meta-analyses have demonstrated that SC is associated with a relatively high incidence of postoperative bile leak. To our knowledge, there have been no reports that have investigated risk factors for postoperative bile leak.
methodsA total of 76 patients underwent reconstituting SC at our hospital between January 2005 and July 2019. Patient characteristics and perioperative outcomes were reviewed, and risk factors for postoperative bile leak were investigated. In addition, in patients with acute cholecystitis (AC) (n = 60), subgroup analyses were performed.
resultsBile leak developed in 11 patients with AC (18.3%), while no patients with chronic cholecystitis developed bile leak (p = 0.064). Patients with AC who underwent surgery 10 days or later from onset developed postoperative bile leak significantly more frequently than those who underwent surgery within 10 days (38.0 vs 7.6%, p = 0.003). Patients with AC who underwent gallbladder stump closure with suturing developed postoperative bile leak significantly more frequently than those who underwent ligation (37.5 vs 11.3%, p = 0.020). In the patients with AC, surgery after 10 days from onset (p = 0.022, odds ratio = 5.85) was found by logistic regression analysis to be an independent risk factor for developing postoperative bile leak.
conclusionEarly surgery yielded a lower incidence of postoperative bile leak in patients who underwent SC. Surgery during the subacute phase was considered to imply a higher risk for developing bile leak than surgery during the acute and chronic phases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.