ArticleEnvironmental monitoring and assessment2019
Occurrence of antibiotics residues in hospital wastewater, wastewater treatment plant, and in surface water in Nairobi County, Kenya.
Article in Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Literature Review: Evaluation of Drug Removal Techniques in Municipal and Hospital Wastewater.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Beyond Co-Occurrence: A Framework for Interpreting Antibiotic-ARG Decoupling in Aquatic Systems and Its Implications for Aquatic Animal Health in a Changing World.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Towards alternative/complementary wastewater treatment: a review of the recent advancements in photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of sulfonamide antibiotics.RSC advances · 2026Review
- The Emerging Threat of Antibiotic Residues in the Aquatic Environments of East Africa: A Systematic Review.Environmental health insights · 2026Review
- A novel self-transmissible mega plasmid from extensively drug-resistantCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- One-step degradation of 4 classes of β-lactam using β-lactamase enzyme cocktail.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Profile of predominant gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in River Sosiani and wastewater systems in Eldoret Town, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Environment: Dissemination, Ecological Risks, and Remediation Approaches.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Review
- From lab to field: revolutionizing antibiotic detection with aptamer-based biosensors.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Pollution by antimicrobials and antibiotic resistance genes in East Africa: Occurrence, sources, and potential environmental implications.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology strategy for inhibition of PARP1 and IL-17A-associated with neurotoxicity in rats exposed to hospital wastewater.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Sustainable strategies for hospital wastewater treatment: bioremediation, phytoremediation, and hybrid approaches for emerging pollutants.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Study on the persistence of ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole in simulated drinking water systems.Environmental systems research · 2025Article
- Bacterial community composition, quantification of antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic residues in wastewater treatment plant and receiving rivers.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Antibiotic Concentrations in Aquatic Environments of the African Continent: A Systematic Review and Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) Assessment.Environmental health insights · 2025Review
- Recovery of clinically relevant multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae lineages from wastewater in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana.Environmental microbiology reports · 2024Article
- Dietary Exposure to Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues and Their Effects on Human Fertility and Embryo Development: A Global Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Plasmids, a molecular cornerstone of antimicrobial resistance in the One Health era.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Carbapenemase-producing bacteria recovered from Nairobi River, Kenya surface water and from nearby anthropogenic and zoonotic sources.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The occurrence of 17 antibiotics belonging to sulfonamides, β-lactams, macrolides and aminoglycosides classes, and trimethoprim in raw hospital wastewater, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), and surface water was determined. Residual antibiotics were quantified by LC/MS/MS. Residues of antibiotics in hospital wastewater were 3-10 times higher than that detected in WWTP and surface water. Trimethoprim, spectinomycin, ampicillin, and oxacillin were detected in all the sampled water. Sulfamethoxazole was detected at the highest concentration of 20.6, 7.8, and 6.8 μg L
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.