ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2020
Pretreatment HIV drug resistance spread within transmission clusters in Mexico City.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Trends in HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance and HIV-1 variant dynamics among antiretroviral therapy-naive Ethiopians from 2003 to 2018: a pooled sequence analysis.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Ultrasensitive single-genome sequencing reveals strong purifying selection in acute HIV-1 infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Amplicon-Based Multiregion Genomic Characterization of HIV-1 in a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Mexico: Antiretroviral Resistance Mutations and Subtype Diversity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- National representative survey of pretreatment HIV drug resistance in Colombia: analysis of antiretroviral resistance-associated mutations using next-generation sequencing.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiology and pretreatment drug resistance of HIV-1 among newly diagnosed individuals in Nanning City, Guangxi, China.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- HIV molecular network in Mexico City (2021-2022): Understanding transmission dynamics through the role of newly diagnosed cases.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed People Living with HIV-1 in Sichuan, China: A Large-Scale Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance and the Molecular Transmission Network Among HIV-Positive Individuals in China in 2022: Multicenter Observational Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Observational
- HIV-1 drug resistance and genetic transmission network among newly diagnosed people living with HIV/AIDS in Ningbo, China between 2018 and 2021.Virology journal · 2023Article
- High Level of Pretreatment and Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance in El Salvador: A Nationally Representative Survey, 2018-2019.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Transmission networks of hepatitis C virus among HIV/HCV-coinfected patients in Guangdong, China.Virology journal · 2022Article
- HIV Pretreatment Drug Resistance Trends in Mexico City, 2017-2020.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Characteristics and growth of the genetic HIV transmission network of Mexico City during 2020.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Near point-of-care, point-mutation test to detect drug resistance in HIV-1: a validation study in a Mexican cohort.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Article
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15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPretreatment HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) to NNRTIs has consistently increased in Mexico City during the last decade.
objectivesTo infer the HIV genetic transmission network in Mexico City to describe the dynamics of the local HIV epidemic and spread of HIVDR. PATIENTS AND
methodsHIV pol sequences were obtained by next-generation sequencing from 2447 individuals before initiation of ART at the largest HIV clinic in Mexico City (April 2016 to June 2018). Pretreatment HIVDR was estimated using the Stanford algorithm at a Sanger-like threshold (≥20%). Genetic networks were inferred with HIV-TRACE, establishing putative transmission links with genetic distances <1.5%. We examined demographic associations among linked individuals with shared drug resistance mutations (DRMs) using a ≥ 2% threshold to include low-frequency variants.
resultsPretreatment HIVDR reached 14.8% (95% CI 13.4%-16.2%) in the cohort overall and 9.6% (8.5%-10.8%) to NNRTIs. Putative links with at least one other sequence were found for 963/2447 (39%) sequences, forming 326 clusters (2-20 individuals). The inferred network was assortative by age and municipality (P < 0.001). Clustering individuals were younger [adjusted OR (aOR) per year = 0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.97, P < 0.001] and less likely to include women (aOR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.28-0.75, P = 0.002). Among clustering individuals, 175/963 (18%) shared DRMs (involving 66 clusters), of which 66/175 (38%) shared K103N/S (24 clusters). Eight municipalities (out of 75) harboured 65% of persons sharing DRMs. Among all persons sharing DRMs, those sharing K103N were younger (aOR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.98, P = 0.003).
conclusionsOur analyses suggest age- and geographically associated transmission of DRMs within the HIV genetic network in Mexico City, warranting continuous monitoring and focused interventions.
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