Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31819290›Full record

ArticleBulletin of the World Health Organization2019

Labelling changes in response to a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Kawther M Hashem, Feng J He, Graham A MacGregor

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kawther M HashemWolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, England.
Feng J HeWolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, England.
Graham A MacGregorWolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, England.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the changes in sugar and energy labelling of carbonated sugar-sweetened soft drinks after the implementation of a tax on sugar-sweetened drinks in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

methodsWe visited nine main supermarkets before (May 2014) and after (April 2018) the tax came into effect and obtained data from product packaging and nutrition information panels of carbonated sugar-sweetened soft drinks. We used the paired

findingsWe obtained data from 166 products in 2014 and 464 products in 2018, of which 83 products were the same in both years. Large variations in stated sugar content were found between the different carbonated sugar-sweetened soft drinks in both 2014 and 2018 for all products and for the 83 products. The mean sugar content of the 83 products decreased by 42% between 2014 and 2018, from 9.1 g/100 mL (standard deviation, SD: 3.3) to 5.3 g/100 mL (SD: 3.5;

conclusionThe significant decreases in the labelling of sugar and energy content of carbonated sugar-sweetened soft drinks after the levy came into effect suggest this tax has been effective. The sugar content of drinks still varied considerably in 2018, suggesting further reductions in sugar content of these drinks is possible. The levy thresholds should be reduced and the tax increased to drive further reformulation of soft drinks to reduce their sugar content.

Indexed as

Food LabelingHumansNorthern IrelandSugar-Sweetened BeveragesTaxesUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID31819290
PMCPMC6883278

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.