Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31818828›Full record

ArticleBMJ health & care informatics2019

Availability and usage of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) in office-based primary care settings in the USA.

Xia Jing, Lina Himawan, Timothy Law

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ health & care informatics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Reusable Generic Clinical Decision Support System Module for Immunization Recommendations in Resource-Constraint Settings.AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Active Learning Pipeline to Identify Candidate Terms for a CDSS Ontology.Studies in health technology and informatics · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. To find fault is easy, to find no-fault is fair.Future healthcare journal · 2023
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Clinical Decision Support Systems for Diagnosis in Primary Care: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
  18. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xia JingDepartment of Public Health Sciences, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA xia.xjing@gmail.com.
Lina HimawanDepartment of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Timothy LawDepartment of Family Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA clinical decision support system (CDSS) covers a broad spectrum of applications, for example, screening reminders, can reduce malpractice, improve preventive services and enable better management of chronic conditions. CDSSs have traditionally been used successfully in large hospitals. The availability (ie, whether the function is provided by the software) and usage (ie, actual use) of a CDSS in office-based primary care settings, however, are less well studied.

objectiveTo establish a benchmark of CDSS availability and usage in office-based primary care settings, particularly given the large volume of visits in such settings.

methodsWe used the 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to conduct secondary data analysis. We selected preventive services reminders and drug interaction alerts, along with several other variables as examples of a CDSS.

resultsCDSS usage rates ranged from 68.5% to 100% among solo or non-solo primary care practices owned by physicians or physician groups that have electronic medical records (EMRs)/electronic health records (EHRs) and 44.7% to 96.1%, regardless of EMR/EHR status. According to proportion tests, solo practices had significantly lower CDSS usage and availability rates on several measures if the practice is entirely EMR/EHR based and significantly lower (16.3%-28.9%) CDSS usage rates than did non-solo practices

conclusionIn the USA, a CDSS, especially under the categories of basic preventive reminders and drug interaction alerts, is used routinely between 68% and 100% in primary care if a practice is entirely EMR/EHR based. More work is needed, however, to determine the reasons for large usage gaps between solo and non-solo practices and to reduce such gaps.

Indexed as

Preventive MedicineDecision Support Systems, ClinicalElectronic Health RecordsHealth Care SurveysHumansPhysiciansPrimary Health CareReminder SystemsUnited StatesBCS HealthBMJ Health Informaticsmedical informatics

Identifiers

PMID31818828
PMCPMC7252956

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.