ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Effect of Long Working Hours on Depression and Mental Well-Being among Employees in Shanghai: The Role of Having Leisure Hobbies.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between long working hours, shift work, and suicidal ideation: A systematic review and meta-analyses.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2024Pooled it
- Intentional Recreational Activities of Daily Living and Well-Being in the General Population and in Psychosomatic Patients, Before and After Treatment.Scandinavian journal of psychology · 2026Article
- Mediating effect of fear of happiness between intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety among Lebanese adults.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- How work hours affect well-being: A target trial emulation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Predicting depression risk with machine learning models: identifying familial, personal, and dietary determinants.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- From situational interest and state curiosity to personal interest: developmental pathways and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Review
- Long Working Hours, Work-life Imbalance, and Poor Mental Health: A Cross-sectional Mediation Analysis Based on the Sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey, 2020-2021.Journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Depression among Homeless Young Adults: A Social Determinants of Health Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Relationship Between BMI, Self-Rated Depression, and Food Addiction-A Cross-Sectional Study of Adults in Postpandemic Poland.Depression and anxiety · 2024Article
- The relationship between working time mismatch and depression according to actual hours worked.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2023Article
- Association between long working hours and mental health among nurses in China under COVID-19 pandemic: based on a large cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Machine learning models for predicting depression in Korean young employees.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Associations between Depressive Symptoms, Work Environment, and Lifestyle in <40-year-old Male Orthopedic Physicians in Japan.JMA journal · 2022Article
- Mental health problems and their related factors among seafarers: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Burnout, Depression, and Anxiety Levels among Healthcare Workers Serving Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A better way of life: The role of leisure activities on self-perceived health, perceived stress, confidence in stress management, and satisfaction with social support in psychiatrists and psychiatry trainees in Mexico.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Working from home, work-time control and mental health: Results from the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult health (ELSA-Brasil).Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- The Influence of Long Working Hours, Occupational Stress, and Well-Being on Depression Among Couriers in Zhejiang, China.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Effect of long working hours and insomnia on depressive symptoms among employees of Chinese internet companies.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Effects of Long Working Hours and Night Work on Subjective Well-Being Depending on Work Creativity and Task Variety, and Occupation: The Role of Working-Time Mismatch, Variability, Shift Work, and Autonomy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our aim is to examine the associations between long working hours and depression and mental well-being among the working population in Shanghai, as well as to identify the impact of having hobbies on these relationships. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai, with depression assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale and mental well-being assessed by the World Health Organization five-item Well-Being Index (WHO-5) scale. The phenomenon of long working hours (69.3%) was quite common among employees in Shanghai, and the rate of working over 60 h was 19.3%. Those who worked over 60 h had the highest prevalence of poorer mental health compared with individuals working ≤40 h per week. After adjustment in the logistic regression model, those who reported weekly working time over 60 h were 1.40 (95%CI: 1.03-1.90) and 1.66 (95%CI: 1.26-2.18) times more likely to have depression and poor mental well-being (PMWB), respectively. Adjusted ORs for having hobbies were 0.78 (95%CI: 0.62-0.97) and 0.62 (95%CI: 0.51-0.75), respectively. Meanwhile, having hobbies could significantly lower the mean score on the PHQ-9 and elevate the mean score on the WHO-5 in each working time group, with no interaction effect. Long working hours could have a significantly negative impact on workers' psychological health. Importantly, having hobbies in their daily lives might help to mitigate the adverse effects of long working hours on workers' depression and mental well-being.
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