ArticlePharmaceutics2019
Trimethyl Chitosan Hydrogel Nanoparticles for Progesterone Delivery in Neurodegenerative Disorders.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intranasal hydrogels for Alzheimer's disease: from nasal-interface engineering to brain targeting and translational readiness.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Advances in hydrogel for diagnosis and treatment for Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Multifunctional Nanocarriers for Alzheimer's Disease: Befriending the Barriers.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Hydrogel Formulations for Topical Insulin Application: Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Permeation across the Strat-MPolymers · 2023Article
- Polymer-Based Hydrogels Applied in Drug Delivery: An Overview.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Recent Development of Functional Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- State-of-the-art review of the clinical research on menopause and hormone replacement therapy association with Parkinson's disease: What meta-analysis studies cannot tell us.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- Nanotherapeutics for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery: An Approach to Bypass the Blood Brain Barrier.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Pre-Formulation Studies: Physicochemical Characteristics and In Vitro Release Kinetics of Insulin from Selected Hydrogels.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Emerging Nanotechnology for Treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Efficacy, Drug Sensitivity, and Safety of a Chronic Ocular Hypertension Rat Model Established Using a Single Intracameral Injection of Hydrogel into the Anterior Chamber.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Article
- Codelivery of HIF-1α siRNA and Dinaciclib by Carboxylated Graphene Oxide-Trimethyl Chitosan-Hyaluronate Nanoparticles Significantly Suppresses Cancer Cell Progression.Pharmaceutical research · 2020Article
- Characterization and Mathematical Modeling of Alginate/Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles Releasing the Chemokine CXCL12 to Attract Glioblastoma Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Special Issue on Designing Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery: Guest Editors' Introduction.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Progesterone is a sex hormone which shows neuroprotective effects in different neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the pharmacokinetic limitations associated with the peripheral administration of this molecule highlight the need for more efficient delivery approaches to increase brain progesterone levels. Since the nose-to-brain administration of mucoadhesive hydrogel nanoparticles is a non-invasive and convenient strategy for the delivery of therapeutics to the central nervous system, in this work, progesterone-loaded hydrogel nanoparticle formulations have been prepared, characterized, and tested in vivo. Nanoparticles, loaded with different progesterone concentrations, have been obtained by polyelectrolyte complex formation between trimethyl chitosan and sodium alginate, followed by ionotropic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate as a cross-linking agent. All formulations showed a mean diameter ranging from 200 nm to 236 nm, a polydispersity index smaller than 0.23, and a high progesterone encapsulation efficiency (83-95%). The zeta potential values were all positive and greater than 28 mV, thus ensuring nanoparticles stability against aggregation phenomena as well as interaction with negative sialic residues of the nasal mucosa. Finally, in vivo studies on Sprague-Dawley male rats demonstrated a 5-fold increase in brain progesterone concentrations compared to basal progesterone level after 30 min of hydrogel nanoparticle inhalation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.