ArticleCancers2019
EPSILoN: A Prognostic Score for Immunotherapy in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Validation Cohort.
Article in Cancers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker in lung cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with immunotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Pan-immune inflammation value as a prognostic biomarker for cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of bone metastasis on prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Markers for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Pooled it
- Association of Personal Characteristics and Effectiveness of Immunotherapy in Late-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2022Pooled it
- Metastatic sites as predictors in advanced NSCLC treated with PD-1 inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- The brain-lung immunotherapy prognostic (BLIP) Score: a novel robust tool for prognostication in non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Real-world survival outcomes with first-line chemoimmunotherapy and biomarker analysis in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Article
- Dynamic neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an independent prognostic marker of overall survival in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a Latin American cohort study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- A score prediction model for predicting the heterogeneity symptom trajectories among lung cancer patients during perioperative period: a longitudinal observational study.Annals of medicine · 2025Observational
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio affects the impact of proton pump inhibitors on efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with non‑small-cell lung cancer.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Novel therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung cancer: Combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- PIV and PILE scores predict the clinical outcome in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Prognostic significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in second-line immunotherapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Article
- Complete Blood Count-Based Biomarkers as Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with PD-L1 < 50% Treated with First-Line Chemoimmunotherapy.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Article
- Impact of lymph node dissection on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with postoperative recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Article
- Predictive markers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBeyond programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), no other biomarkers for immunotherapy are used in daily practice. We previously created EPSILoN (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), smoking, liver metastases, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)) score, a clinical/biochemical prognostic score, in 154 patients treated with second/further-line immunotherapy. This study's aim was to validate EPSILoN score in a different population group.
methods193 patients were included at National Cancer Institute of Milan (second-line immunotherapy, 61%; further-line immunotherapy, 39%). Clinical/laboratory parameters such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and lactate dehydrogenase levels were collected. Kaplan-Meier and Cox hazard methods were used for survival analysis.
resultsOverall median progression-free survival and median overall survival were 2.3 and 7.6 months, respectively. Multivariate analyses for Progression-Free Survival (PFS) identified heavy smokers (hazard ratio (HR) 0.71,
conclusionsEPSILoN, combining five baseline clinical/blood parameters (ECOG PS, smoking, liver metastases, LDH, NLR), may help to identify advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) patients who most likely benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
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