ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
A Multilevel Analysis of Neighbourhood, School, Friend and Individual-Level Variation in Primary School Children's Physical Activity.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Physical activity and two-year change in adolescent well-being in nine countries.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025Pooled it
- Children's Voices in Physical Activity Research: A Qualitative Review and Synthesis of UK Children's Perspectives.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Rethinking children's physical activity interventions at school: A new context-specific approach.Frontiers in public health · 2023Trial
- Physical Activity and Psychosocial Characteristics of the Peer Supporters in the PLAN-A Study-A Latent Class Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- A glimpse into the impact of physical activity on linear growth in children and adolescents through activity restrictions accompanying the COVID-19 outbreak.BioMedicine · 2026Article
- School-level intra-cluster correlation coefficients and autocorrelations for children's accelerometer-measured physical activity in England by age and gender.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Physical activity interventions in European primary schools: a scoping review to create a framework for the design of tailored interventions in European countries.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The status of active after-school clubs among primary school children in England (UK) after the COVD-19 lockdowns: implications for policy and practice.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Article
- Short and medium-term effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on child and parent accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time: a natural experiment.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Article
- A multi-perspective qualitative exploration of the reasons for changes in the physical activity among 10-11-year-old children following the easing of the COVID-19 lockdown in the UK in 2021.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Article
- Relationship between Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Spanish Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Physical activity is influenced by individual, inter-personal and environmental factors. In this paper, we explore the variability in children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at different individual, parent, friend, school and neighbourhood levels. Valid accelerometer data were collected for 1077 children aged 9, and 1129 at age 11, and the average minutes of MVPA were derived for weekdays and weekends. We used a multiple-membership, multiple-classification model (MMMC) multilevel model to compare the variation in physical activity outcomes at each of the different levels. There were differences in the proportion of variance attributable to the different levels between genders, for weekdays and weekends, at ages 9 and 11. The largest proportion of variability in MVPA was attributable to individual variation, accounting for half of the total residual variability for boys, and two thirds of the variability for girls. MVPA clustered within friendship groups, with friends influencing peer MVPA. Including covariates at the different levels explained only small amounts (3%-13%) of variability. There is a need to enhance our understanding of individual level influences on children's physical activity.
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Registered trials
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