ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 Protect Primary Cultured Astrocytes against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Injury via Improving Mitochondrial Function.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1 on rodent models of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial quality control for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside Rg5 alleviates radiation-induced acute lung vascular endothelium injury by reducing mitochondrial apoptosis via Sirt1.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Article
- Modulating mitochondria with natural extract compounds: from bench to clinical therapeutic opportunities for COPD.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Structural Characters and Pharmacological Activity of Protopanaxadiol-Type Saponins and Protopanaxatriol-Type Saponins from Ginseng.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Review
- Regulation of NADInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Ginsenoside RbPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Para‑hydroxybenzaldehyde against transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats via mitochondrial preservation.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Major ginsenosides fromJournal of ginseng research · 2022Article
- Resveratrol alleviates Ang II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell senescence by upregulating E2F1/SOD2 axis.Toxicology research · 2022Article
- Ginsenoside Rg1 Reduced Microglial Activation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction to Alleviate Depression-Like Behaviour Via the GAS5/EZH2/SOCS3/NRF2 Axis.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Emerging Role of Phytochemicals.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Rb1 in Central Nervous System Diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of ginsenosides exert neuroprotective effects on spinal cord injury: A promising traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- A Review of Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Ginsenosides From Panax Ginseng in Treating Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- The Specific Role of Reactive Astrocytes in Stroke.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Role of ginseng in the neurovascular unit of neuroinflammatory diseases focused on the blood-brain barrier.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Ginsenoside Rb1 induces a pro-neurogenic microglial phenotype via PPARγ activation in male mice exposed to chronic mild stress.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Ginsenosides attenuate bioenergetics and morphology of mitochondria in cultured PC12 cells under the insult of amyloid beta-peptide.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate whether ginsenosides Rb1 (20-S-protopanaxadiol aglycon) and Rg1 (20-S-protopanaxatriol aglycon) have mitochondrial protective effects against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury in primary mouse astrocytes and to explore the mechanisms involved. The OGD/R model was used to mimic the pathological process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in vitro. Astrocytes were treated with normal conditions, OGD/R, OGD/R plus Rb1, or OGD/R plus Rg1. Cell viability was measured to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Rb1 and Rg1. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and catalase (CAT) were detected to evaluate oxidative stress. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured to evaluate mitochondrial function. The activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes I-V and the level of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured to evaluate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) levels. Cell viability was significantly decreased in the OGD/R group compared to the control group. Rb1 or Rg1 administration significantly increased cell viability. Moreover, OGD/R caused a significant increase in ROS formation and, subsequently, it decreased the activity of CAT and the mtDNA copy number. At the same time, treatment with OGD/R depolarized the MMP in the astrocytes. Rb1 or Rg1 administration reduced ROS production, increased CAT activity, elevated the mtDNA content, and attenuated the MMP depolarization. In addition, Rb1 or Rg1 administration increased the activities of complexes I, II, III, and V and elevated the level of ATP, compared to those in the OGD/R groups. Rb1 and Rg1 have different chemical structures, but exert similar protective effects against astrocyte damage induced by OGD/R. The mechanism may be related to improved efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and the reduction in ROS production in cultured astrocytes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.