ReviewJournal of immunology research2019
The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Skin Host Defense, Psoriasis, and Atopic Dermatitis.
Review in Journal of immunology research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hibiscus Suspension Culture Extract Modulates Skin Metabolism and Cellular Pathways in Human Keratinocyte/Fibroblast Co-Cultures: A Proteomic Approach.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- The integrative role of the microbiome in systemic immuno-inflammatory aberrations.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- APOA1, DEFB103A_DEFB103B and DSG3 Are Novel Circulating Biomarkers of Psoriasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Increased Serum Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein Levels in Psoriasis.Annals of dermatology · 2026Article
- Psoriasis beyond the skin: systemic inflammation as a bridge to metabolic and hepatic comorbidities.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- GPR108 Negatively Regulates TLR7 Signaling in Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasiform Dermatitis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- The multifaceted role of NF-κB signaling in psoriasis: from inflammatory amplification to epidermal remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Bioinformatics analyses of comorbid mechanisms between psoriasis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Percentage of Monocyte Subpopulations with TLR2 and TLR4 Expression About Selected Skin Functional Parameters in Patients with Acne Vulgaris-Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Systemic Psoriasis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Global Management Strategies.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Salivary Interleukins as Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Psoriasis: Advances and Challenges in Diagnosis and Monitoring.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Development of a porcine model of skin and soft-tissue infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains suitable for testing topical antimicrobial agents.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Crosstalk Between the Skin Environment and Microbial Community in Immune-Related Skin Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Human epidermis models demonstrate mediator role of TLR2 and TLR3 for psoriatic inflammation.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Potential Targets and Mechanisms of Saikosaponin D in Psoriasis: A Bioinformatic and Experimental Study on Oxidative Stress.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- AhR governs lipid metabolism: the role of gut microbiota.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
As the key defense molecules originally identified in Drosophila, Toll-like receptor (TLR) superfamily members play a fundamental role in detecting invading pathogens or damage and initiating the innate immune system of mammalian cells. The skin, the largest organ of the human body, protects the human body by providing a critical physical and immunological active multilayered barrier against invading pathogens and environmental factors. At the first line of defense, the skin is constantly exposed to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and TLRs, expressed in a cell type-specific manner by various skin cells, serve as key molecules to recognize PAMPs and DAMPs and to initiate downstream innate immune host responses. While TLR-initiated inflammatory responses are necessary for pathogen clearance and tissue repair, aberrant activation of TLRs will exaggerate T cell-mediated autoimmune activation, leading to unwanted inflammation, and the development of several skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetic foot ulcers, fibrotic skin diseases, and skin cancers. Together, TLRs are at the interface between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. In this review, we will describe current understanding of the role of TLRs in skin defense and in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, and we will also discuss the development and therapeutic effect of TLR-targeted therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.