Trial reportThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2019
Factors influencing adherence in a trial of early introduction of allergenic food.
Trial report in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Early Diet on the Prevalence of Allergic Disease in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- Early introduction of peanut reduces peanut allergy across risk groups in pooled and causal inference analyses.Allergy · 2023Trial
- Association of frequent moisturizer use in early infancy with the development of food allergy.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Trial
- Efficacy of the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study among infants at high risk of developing food allergy.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- Challenges experienced with early introduction and sustained consumption of allergenic foods in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study: A qualitative analysis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- Navigating early allergenic food introduction: Practices and barriers among parents and caregivers.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025Article
- Early-Life Allergen Exposure and Its Influence on Risk of Atopic Disease.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Review
- Psychosocial Impact of Food Allergy on Children and Adults and Practical Interventions.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2024Review
- Risk subgroups and intervention effects among infants at high risk for peanut allergy: A model for clinical decision making.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2024Article
- A pragmatic approach to infant feeding for food allergy prevention.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2022Article
- Review
- Burden of allergic disease among ethnic minority groups in high-income countries.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2022Review
- Identifying key priorities for research to protect the consumer with food hypersensitivity: A UK Food Standards Agency Priority Setting Exercise.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2021Article
- Advancing Food Allergy Through Epidemiology: Understanding and Addressing Disparities in Food Allergy Management and Outcomes.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study examined whether the early introduction of 6 allergenic foods from 3 months of age in exclusively breastfed infants prevented the development of food allergy. The intervention was effective in the per-protocol analysis for allergy to 1 or more foods and for egg and peanut individually, but only 42% of early introduction group (EIG) children met the per-protocol criteria.
objectiveWe sought to identify which factors were responsible for nonadherence in the EAT study.
methodsFactors influencing adherence within the key early introduction period in the EIG (up to 6 months of age) were divided into enrollment and postenrollment factors, and their association with nonadherence was explored.
resultsIn an adjusted analysis, at enrollment, increased maternal age, nonwhite ethnicity, and lower maternal quality of life were independently and significantly associated with overall nonadherence in the EIG. Enrollment eczema and enrollment serum allergen-specific IgE sensitization to 1 or more foods (≥0.1 kU/L) were not related to overall nonadherence. After enrollment, 2 factors were significantly related to EIG overall nonadherence: parent-reported IgE-type symptoms with infant allergenic food consumption by 6 months of age and reported feeding difficulties by 4 months of age.
conclusionIf early introduction of allergenic foods were to be considered a strategy to prevent food allergy, families of nonwhite ethnicity, those with older mothers, and those with infants with reported feeding difficulties or early-onset eczema would benefit from support to promote early and sustained consumption.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.