ArticleBMC veterinary research2019
Detection of live M. bovis BCG in tissues and IFN-γ responses in European badgers (Meles meles) vaccinated by oropharyngeal instillation or directly in the ileum.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Many Hosts of Mycobacteria 9 (MHM9): A conference report.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Article
- Efficacy of heat-inactivatedHeliyon · 2023Article
- The safety of BCG vaccination in cattle: results from good laboratory practice safety studies in calves and lactating cows.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Experimental Infection of Captive Red Foxes (Microorganisms · 2022Article
- ExperimentalMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Bioreactor-Grown Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin (BCG) Vaccine Protects Badgers against VirulentPharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Article
- Development and Challenges in Animal Tuberculosis Vaccination.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Update on lyssaviruses and rabies: will past progress play as prologue in the near term towards future elimination?Faculty reviews · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOral vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) has provided protection against M. bovis to badgers both experimentally and in the field. There is also evidence suggesting that the persistence of live BCG within the host is important for maintaining protection against TB. Here we investigated the capacity of badger inductive mucosal sites to absorb and maintain live BCG. The targeted mucosae were the oropharyngeal cavity (tonsils and sublingual area) and the small intestine (ileum).
resultsWe showed that significant quantities of live BCG persisted within badger in tissues of vaccinated badgers for at least 8 weeks following oral vaccination with only very mild pathological features and induced the circulation of IFNγ-producing mononuclear cells. The uptake of live BCG by tonsils and drainage to retro-pharyngeal lymph nodes was repeatable in the animal group vaccinated by oropharyngeal instillation whereas those vaccinated directly in the ileum displayed a lower frequency of BCG detection in the enteric wall or draining mesenteric lymph nodes. No faecal excretion of live BCG was observed, including when BCG was delivered directly in the ileum.
conclusionsThe apparent local loss of BCG viability suggests an unfavorable gastro-enteric environment for BCG in badgers, which should be taken in consideration when developing an oral vaccine for use in this species.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.