ArticleMedical physics2020
MRIgRT head and neck anthropomorphic QA phantom: Design, development, reproducibility, and feasibility study.
Article in Medical physics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- In-house development of CT-based 3D-printed head & neck phantom for Radiotherapy applications.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2026Article
- Development of a 3D-printed canine head phantom for veterinary radiotherapy.Radiological physics and technology · 2026Article
- Biomimetic Phantoms in X-Ray-Based Radiotherapy Research: A Narrative Review.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Evaluation of an anthropomorphic ion chamber and 3D gel dosimetry head phantom at a 0.35 T MR-linac using separate 1.5 T MR-scanners for gel readout.Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2022Article
- Dosimetric Effects of Air Cavities for MRI-Guided Online Adaptive Radiation Therapy (MRgART) of Prostate Bed after Radical Prostatectomy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Tuning the optimal diffusion-weighted MRI parameters on a 0.35-T MR-Linac for clinical implementation: A phantom study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- On the MLC leaves alignment in the direction orthogonal to movement.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2021Article
- Machine QA for the Elekta Unity system: A Report from the Elekta MR-linac consortium.Medical physics · 2021Review
- 3D dosimetric validation of ultrasound-guided radiotherapy with a dynamically deformable abdominal phantom.Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB) · 2021Article
- Unlocking a closed system: dosimetric commissioning of a ring gantry linear accelerator in a multivendor environment.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2021Article
- MR-Guided Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: Current Developments, Perspectives, and Challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this paper was to design, manufacture, and evaluate a tissue equivalent, dual magnetic resonance/computed tomography (MR/CT) visible anthropomorphic head and neck (H&N) phantom. This phantom was specially designed as an end-to-end quality assurance (QA) tool for MR imaging guided radiotherapy (MRIgRT) systems participating in NCI-sponsored clinical trials.
methodThe MRIgRT H&N phantom was constructed using a water-fillable acrylic shell and a custom insert that mimics an organ at risk (OAR) and target structures. The insert consists of a primary and secondary planning target volume (PTV) manufactured of a synthetic Clear Ballistic gel, an acrylic OAR and surrounding tissue fabricated using melted Superflab. Radiochromic EBT3 film and thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs) were used to measure the dose distribution and absolute dose, respectively. The phantom was evaluated by conducting an end-to-end test that included: imaging on a GE Lightspeed CT simulator, planning on Monaco treatment planning software (TPS), verifying treatment setup with MR, and irradiating on Elekta's 1.5 T Unity MR linac system. The phantom was irradiated three times using the same plan to determine reproducibility. Three institutions, equipped with either ViewRay MRIdian
resultsThe MRIgRT H&N phantom on the Unity system resulted in reproducible TLD doses (SD < 1.5%). The measured TLD to calculated dose ratios for the Unity system ranged from 0.94 to 0.98. The Viewray dose result comparisons had a larger range (0.95-1.03) but these depended on the TPS dose calculations from each site. Using a 7%/4 mm gamma analysis, Viewray institutions had average axial and sagittal passing rates of 97.3% and 96.2% and the Unity system had average passing rates of 97.8% and 89.7%, respectively. All of the results were within the Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core in Houston (IROC-Houston) standard credentialing criteria of 7% on TLDs, and >85% of pixels passing gamma analysis using 7%/4 mm on films.
conclusionsAn MRIgRT H&N phantom that is tissue equivalent and visible on both CT and MR was developed. The results from initial reproducibility and feasibility testing of the MRIgRT H&N phantom using the tested MGIgRT systems suggests the phantom's potential utility as a credentialing tool for NCI-clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.