ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2020
Associations Between Prediagnostic Concentrations of Circulating Sex Steroid Hormones and Liver Cancer Among Postmenopausal Women.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mechanisms of sex hormones in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a systematic review.Molecular biology reports · 2025Pooled it
- Oral contraceptive use and risk of liver cancer: a population-based study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Exogenous hormone use, reproductive factors and risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma among women: results from cohort studies in the Liver Cancer Pooling Project and the UK Biobank.British journal of cancer · 2020Pooled it
- Association of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin with chronic liver disease outcomes across sex and menopausal status.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- G20 Country Burden of High BMI-Related Liver Cancer: Trends from 1990 to 2021 and Projections to 2050.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Diagnostic value of betatrophin for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis.Clinical and experimental hepatology · 2026Article
- Two-way increased-risk associations between hepatobiliary cancers and other malignancies: a population-based study.Hepatic oncology · 2025Article
- Sex Hormones and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Circulating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and liver cancer risk: a nested case-control analysis of individual participant data from 12 prospective cohorts.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, and free testosterone concentrations and risk of primary liver cancer: A prospective analysis of 200,000 men and 180,000 postmenopausal women.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Interplay of Cardiometabolic Syndrome and Biliary Tract Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis with Gender-Specific Insights.Cancers · 2024Review
- Point-based risk score for the risk stratification and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based random survival forest modeling study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- An Examination of Liver Cancer Incidence in California.Journal of registry management · 2024Article
- Changing Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Within the United States and Worldwide.Surgical oncology clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Ethnic differences in hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence and therapeutic outcomes.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Endogenous sex steroid hormones and risk of liver cancer among US men: Results from the Liver Cancer Pooling Project.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023Article
- Disparities in stage at diagnosis for liver cancer in China.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2023Article
- Hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma incidence between 2006 and 2015 in China: estimates based on data from 188 population-based cancer registries.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2023Article
- RETRACTED: Menstrual Factors, Reproductive History and Liver Cancer Risk: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study in Chinese Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
38 authors at 13 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsIn almost all countries, incidence rates of liver cancer (LC) are 100%-200% higher in males than in females. However, this difference is predominantly driven by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for 75% of LC cases. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) accounts for 12% of cases and has rates only 30% higher in males. Hormones are hypothesized to underlie observed sex differences. We investigated whether prediagnostic circulating hormone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were associated with LC risk, overall and by histology, by leveraging resources from five prospective cohorts. APPROACH AND
resultsSeven sex steroid hormones and SHBG were quantitated using gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and competitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, respectively, from baseline serum/plasma samples of 191 postmenopausal female LC cases (HCC, n = 83; ICC, n = 56) and 426 controls, matched on sex, cohort, age, race/ethnicity, and blood collection date. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between a one-unit increase in log
conclusionsThis study provides evidence that higher levels of 4-dione may be associated with lower, and SHBG with higher, LC risk in women. However, this study does not support the hypothesis that higher estrogen levels decrease LC risk. Indeed, estradiol may be associated with an increased ICC risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.