ArticleAging & mental health2021
Cognitive deficit, physical frailty, hospitalization and emergency department visits in later life.
Article in Aging & mental health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive frailty in Chinese maintenance hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between Cognitive Frailty and Adverse Outcomes among Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2022Pooled it
- Evaluating Physical Frailty as a Marker of Cognitive Health in Older Adults without Dementia.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2026Article
- Detecting multimorbidity patterns in Alzheimer's disease using unsupervised machine learning: A nationwide emergency department study (2007-2022).Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Characteristics of long stay home care clients' acute care use who live with frailty in Alberta, Canada: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Four-Limb Coordinated Training and Neuroplasticity in Older Adults with Cognitive Frailty: Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Review
- Waiting room and hallway care for older adults: a qualitative study with emergency nurses and technicians.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Predictive Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Rehospitalization with a Focus on Frail Older Adults: A Narrative Review.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Post-acute care for frail older people decreases 90-day emergency room visits, readmissions and mortality: An interventional study.PloS one · 2023Article
- The combined effects of physical frailty and cognitive impairment on emergency department- versus direct-admission hospitalizations.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- The utilization of specialized healthcare services among frail older adults in the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study.Annals of medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo examine the added effect of having both cognitive deficit and physical frailty, compared to having either one only, on hospitalization and emergency department (ED) visits.
methodsData from a population-based study of 3,157 community-dwelling older (≥60 years) Chinese adults in the U.S. were used. Cognitive deficit was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (i.e. education-adjusted score: 16 [illiterate], 19 [primary school], and 23 [≥middle school]). Physical frailty was identified using the Short Performance Physical Battery (0-6 out of 15). The numbers of hospitalizations and ED visits in the previous two years were self-reported.
resultsIn this sample, 12.63% had cognitive deficit alone, 5.95% had physical frailty alone, and 4.26% had both. Compared with participants having neither cognitive deficit nor physical frailty, those having physical frailty alone were 1.5 times as likely to have hospitalizations (Rate Ratio [RR] = 1.52 [1.07, 2.16],
conclusionHaving cognitive deficit alone was not significantly related to the likelihood of hospitalizations or ED visits, however having cognitive deficit with existing physical frailty increased the likelihood of both outcomes to a greater degree than having physical frailty alone. This suggests cognitive deficit and physical frailty have synergistic effects on hospitalizations and ED visits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.