ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2019
Horse Welfare During Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) Production.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of gene conversion events in horse IGHV suggests preferential hotspots for diversification.Immunogenetics · 2026Article
- Advances in the Use of Recombinant Gonadotropins for Reproductive Biotechnologies in Ruminants: A Review.Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene · 2026Review
- Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development of highly bioactive long-acting recombinant porcine FSH for batch production management of sows.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) on In Vitro Cultured Equine Chorionic Girdle Cells.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Application of bovine progesterone intravaginal controlled-release formulation for estrus synchronization treatment in goats.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2024Article
- Understanding the roles of economy and society in the relative risks of zoonosis emergence from livestock.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- A Subovulatory Dose of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) May Sustain Terminal Follicle Development and Reproductive Efficiency during Anestrus in Sheep.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Recent advancements to increase success in assisted reproductive technologies in cattle.Animal reproduction · 2024Review
- Production of Mare Chorionic Girdle Organoids That Secrete Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Incidence, risk factors, and therapeutic management of equine colic in Lamongan, Indonesia.Veterinary world · 2023Article
- Review
- Applied Animal Ethics in Industrial Food Animal Production: Exploring the Role of the Veterinarian.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- The transcriptome landscapes of allantochorion and vitelline-chorion in equine day 30 conceptus.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin as an Effective FSH Replacement for In Vitro Ovine Follicle and Oocyte Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Efficiency of hCG for Inducing Resumption of Ovarian Cyclicity and Synchronized Ovulations during the Seasonal Anestrous in Sheep.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Nanotechnology and Reproductive Management of Farm Animals: Challenges and Advances.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Recommendations for Ensuring Good Welfare of Horses Used for Industrial Blood, Serum, or Urine Production.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Effect of eCG in a short-term synchronization treatment on ovarian status, estrus synchrony, and ovulation in dairy goats managed under tropical conditions.Tropical animal health and production · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Collection of blood from pregnant mares for extraction of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) is a critical but relatively unknown and poorly regulated practice in the countries in which it occurs. Equine chorionic gonadotropin is a hormone that is widely used to enhance reproductive performance and management of dairy and beef cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs kept under intensive housing systems. eCG is extracted from the blood of brood mares between days 40-120 of gestation. Although alternatives have been sought, there is currently no efficacious replacement, natural or synthetic, for eCG. Recently, several animal welfare organizations have voiced concerns over the condition and treatment of pregnant mares kept for eCG production in some countries. Animal welfare issues may arise if mares are bled too frequently or if too much blood is collected at any time. In addition, these mares tend to be managed extensively on pastures with minimal veterinary oversight and they may be poorly desensitized and habituated to handling and other practices. This can lead to serious injuries and even death when mares are brought in for bleeding. This paper reviews the process of blood collection for eCG extraction and provides recommendations for ensuring mare welfare.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.