SynthesisRMD open2019
Characteristics and burden of disease in patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial Spondyloarthritis: a comparison by systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in RMD open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The efficacy and safety of adalimumab in treating axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Differences in clinical features between axial psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of bimekizumab in axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Comparison of biologics and small-molecule drugs in axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of symptom duration on the short- and long-term efficacy of bimekizumab in axial spondyloarthritis: results up to 2 years.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Trial
- Long-term safety and efficacy of bimekizumab in axial spondyloarthritis: 2-year results from two phase 3 studies.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Trial
- Upadacitinib in active non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: 2-year data from the phase 3 SELECT-AXIS 2 study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Trial
- Early clinical response associates with long-term outcomes with ixekizumab in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis.RMD open · 2024Trial
- Recapture and retreatment rates with ixekizumab after withdrawal of therapy in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: results at week 104 from a randomised placebo-controlled withdrawal study.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Trial
- Management of U.S. Veterans presenting with axial spondyloarthritis to a chiropractic clinic: a case series.The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association · 2026Article
- Effects of neuroinflammation and neurotrophic factors on mental health of people with axial spondyloarthritis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Maintained improvement in patient-reported outcomes in early axial spondyloarthritis following certolizumab pegol dose reduction: findings from the randomised period of a phase 3b trial.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- The 60Rheumatology and immunology research · 2026Article
- Sex and gender differences in rheumatology: clinical impact and future directions.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Insights into axial spondyloarthritis features and the development of imaging evidence of sacroiliitis during long-term follow-up in routine clinical practice.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- Coping with rheumatic stressors in long-standing axial spondyloarthritis: association with patient and disease characteristics.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Observational
- Sex-based differences in bDMARD initiation and persistence in spondyloarthritis: a 17-year follow-up study from the REGISPON-3 registry.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Observational
- Quantifying Disease Activity Despite Treatment with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors Among Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis and Axial Spondyloarthritis: Real-World Results from the PPD CorEvitas Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Mechanistic Insights from Human Studies in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A T Cell Story.Current rheumatology reports · 2026Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: To compare the clinical characteristics, burden of disease (eg, disease activity, function, quality of life), treatment modalities and treatment effect in patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial Spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA and nr-axSpA). Methods: A systematic literature review (2009-2018) was performed using the participants, intervention, comparator and outcomes methodology. Studies reporting outcomes (clinical presentation, burden of disease, treatment modalities and treatment effect) of both r-axSpA and nr-axSpA were included. A pooled analysis was performed (standardised means difference and relative risk for continuous and binary variables, respectively) and random or fixed effects methods were used depending on the heterogeneity of the studies. Results: 60 studies out of 787 references were included. Pooled analysis showed that, compared with patients with nr-axSpA, patients with r-axSpA were more frequently men (69.6% vs 53.6%), smokers (37.7% vs 31.1%) and had higher mean disease duration (8.6 vs 5.0 years) and longer time to diagnosis (6.1 vs 4.2 years). Peripheral manifestations were more prevalent in nr-axSpA, while uveitis and structural damage on MRI of the sacroiliac joints were more prevalent in r-axSpA. C-reactive protein and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Mobility Index were higher in r-axSpA, while Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life were similar in both groups. No significant differences were found with regard to treatment effect. Conclusions: Patients with r-axSpA and nr-axSpA share a similar clinical presentation except for peripheral involvement, which is more prevalent among nr-axSpA. Except for a more impaired mobility in r-axSpA, both groups showed a comparable burden of disease, treatment modalities and treatment effect.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.