ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2020
Opening the black box of the group-based trajectory modeling process to analyze medication adherence patterns: An example using real-world statin adherence data.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Medication Adherence Trajectories: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2020Pooled it
- Association of a Lifestyle Intervention with Blood Pressure Trajectories During Pregnancy and Postpartum in Women with Pre-pregnancy Overweight and Obesity.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Trial
- Pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence and risks of HIV and sexually transmitted infection among adult men before vs during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Trajectories of antidepressant dispensing among privately insured transgender people in the United States.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A body shape index trajectories and cognitive function among older hypertensive patients: a national cohort study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Transparent reporting of group-based trajectory modeling to study medication adherence: Practical considerations and common pitfalls.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- High-Frequency Functional Trajectories Predict Depressive Worsening in Singapore's Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Inhaled Medication Adherence Trajectory and Its Associated Factors in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Group-Based Trajectory Modeling.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- Group-based trajectory modeling to assess adherence to chronic urate-lowering therapies among commercially insured US adults with gout.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2025Article
- Identifying long-term patterns and predictors of concurrent psychotropic medicine use in residential aged care using group-based multi-trajectory modelling: the 'MEDTRAC-Psychotropics' longitudinal cohort study.European geriatric medicine · 2025Article
- Absorbing Markov chain model of PrEP drug adherence to estimate adherence decay rate and probability distribution in clinical trials.Journal of theoretical biology · 2025Article
- Changes in Antipsychotic Medication Adherence Among Medicaid Beneficiaries with Schizophrenia During COVID-19.Administration and policy in mental health · 2025Article
- Group-Based Trajectory Models to Evaluate the Association of Lipid Testing and Statin Adherence.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2025Article
- Analysis of longitudinal patterns and predictors of medicine use in residential aged care using group-based trajectory modelling: The MEDTRAC-Polypharmacy longitudinal cohort study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
- Trajectories of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence Among Commercially Insured Individuals.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Clinical factors associated with patterns of endocrine therapy adherence in premenopausal breast cancer patients.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Trajectories of adherence to intravenous biological treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a longitudinal analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Distinct developmental trajectories of health-related quality of life for boys and girls throughout childhood and adolescence; a national level longitudinal study.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2023Article
- Five-Year Trajectories of Prescription Opioid Use.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Using group based trajectory modeling for assessing medication adherence to nintedanib among idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe rationale for choosing a final group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) specification and evaluations of patient adherence patterns within groups are often omitted in the GBTM medication adherence literature. We aimed to (1) reveal the complexity of GBTM and (2) assess model discrimination of patient medication adherence patterns.
methodsMedicare administrative claims were used to measure statin medication adherence as a continuous value in the 6 months before an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) hospitalization. Different GBTM specifications beyond default settings were constructed and compared with the Bayesian information criterion. Spaghetti plots were used to compare individual adherence patterns with group averages.
resultsOverall, 113,296 prevalent statin users met eligibility criteria. Four adherence groups were identified: persistently adherent, moderately adherent, progressively nonadherent, and persistently nonadherent. Spaghetti plots showed the persistently adherent and persistently nonadherent groups had relatively homogeneous adherence patterns that matched predicted trajectories well. Spaghetti plots also showed that, while adherence patterns in the progressively nonadherent group were not as homogeneous, most patients in this group appeared to be discontinuing statin therapy pre-AMI.
conclusionsSubjective decisions are necessary to identify a final trajectory model. Greater transparency and disclosure of these decisions in the medication adherence literature are needed. Individual patient adherence patterns from spaghetti plots provided additional diagnostic information about trajectory models beyond standard model-fit assessments to determine if group-average adherence estimates represent homogeneous patterns of medication adherence.
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