ArticleNeurotoxicity research2020
Increased Serum Immunoglobulin Responses to Gut Commensal Gram-Negative Bacteria in Unipolar Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder Type 1, Especially When Melancholia Is Present.
Article in Neurotoxicity research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complex correlations between mitochondrial DNA variants and gut microbiome in major depressive disorder: a genome-wide association analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Reconceptualizing bipolar disorder through an integrative biological lens: synthesis, convergence, and emerging directions.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota and Bipolar Disorder: Advances in Translational Applications.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Review
- Pharmacological investigation of taxifolin for its therapeutic potential in depression.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Gut microbiome in alcohol use disorder: Implications for health outcomes and therapeutic strategies-a literature review.World journal of methodology · 2024Review
- Comparison of Immune and Systemic Inflammation Parameters in Patients with a Depressive Episode in Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder: A Scoping Review.Consortium psychiatricum · 2024Review
- Elevated Systemic Levels of Markers Reflecting Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Inflammasome Activation Are Correlated in Severe Mental Illness.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Food, gut barrier dysfunction, and related diseases: A new target for future individualized disease prevention and management.Food science & nutrition · 2023Review
- Direct and indirect effects of pathogenic bacteria on the integrity of intestinal barrier.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Association between immunoglobulin A and depression in Chinese older adults: findings from a cross-sectional study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Article
- Role of the gut microbiome in three major psychiatric disorders.Psychological medicine · 2022Review
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis: The potential mechanisms by which alcohol disrupts gut and brain functions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Recognizing the role of the vagus nerve in depression from microbiota-gut brain axis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Article
- Assessing the effect of interaction between C-reactive protein and gut microbiome on the risks of anxiety and depression.Molecular brain · 2021Article
- Increasing Nrf2 Activity as a Treatment Approach in Neuropsychiatry.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Review
- Gut Microbiota and Bipolar Disorder: An Overview on a Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Impairments in Peripheral Blood T Effector and T Regulatory Lymphocytes in Bipolar Disorder Are Associated with Staging of Illness and Anti-cytomegalovirus IgG Levels.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- From "Leaky Gut" to Impaired Glia-Neuron Communication in Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by higher serum IgM/IgA responses to LPS of Gram-negative bacteria, suggesting increased bacterial translocation and gut dysbiosis while the latter may occur in bipolar disorder (BD). There are differences between MDD and BD type 1 (BP1) and 2 (BP2) in nitro-oxidative stress biomarkers associated with leaky gut. This study examines serum IgM/IgA responses directed to LPS of 6 Gram-negative bacteria as well as IgG responses to oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in 29 BP1, 37 BP2, 44 MDD, and 30 healthy individuals. Increased IgM/IgA responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly discriminated patients with affective disorders (MDD plus BD) from controls. BP1 patients showed higher IgM responses to Morganella morganii as compared with MDD and BP2 patients. Patients with melancholia showed higher IgA responses to Citrobacter koseri as compared to controls and non-melancholic depression. The total score on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was significantly associated with IgA responses to C. koseri. IgG to oxLDL was significantly associated with increased bacterial translocation. In conclusion, MDD, BP1, and BP2 are accompanied by an immune response due to the increased load of LPS while these aberrations in the gut-brain axis are most pronounced in BP1 and melancholia. Activated oxidative stress pathways and autoimmune responses to oxidative specific epitopes in mood disorders may be driven by a breakdown in gut paracellular, transcellular, and/or vascular pathways. If replicated, drugs that protect the integrity of the gut barrier may offer novel therapeutic opportunities for BP1 and MDD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.