Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31802193›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of legal medicine2020

Retrospective analysis of 172 cases of custodial deaths in China between 1999 and 2016: forensic experience in China.

Shifan Wu, Liang Ren, Meichen Pan, Xingang Qiu, Zijiao Ding, Yunyun Wang, Liang Liu, Qian Liu

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of legal medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Making prisoner deaths visible: Towards a new epistemological approach.Incarceration : an international journal of imprisonment, detention and coercive confinement
    Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shifan WuDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Liang RenDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Meichen PanDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Xingang QiuDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Zijiao DingDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Yunyun WangDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Liang LiuDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China. liuliang@mails.tjmu.edu.cn.
Qian LiuDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China. caixe_liu0222@tom.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-5256

Funding

Open Project of Liu Liang Studio at Chong Xin Medico-legal Identification Center No. CXLL20170007
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Custodial deaths refer to the death of an individual who is in prison, a detention center, or a police station. The present study aims to retrospectively analyze cases of custodial deaths examined at Tongji Medico Legal Expertise Center in Hubei (TMECH). A total of 172 out of 5853 cases were screened at TMECH from January 1999 to December 2016. Male preponderance was observed in 172 cases (male-female ratio: 5:1). Natural deaths accounted for the majority (70.93%), followed by suicide (16.28%), accidents (3.49%), homicides (4.65%), and undetermined causes (4.65%). The most common natural cause was cardiovascular disease. Custodial deaths occurred more frequently in prisons and detention houses than in police cells (63%, 63%, and 46%, respectively). Among the 172 cases, 105 deaths occurred after resuscitation failure despite the individual being sent to the hospital. The average age across cases was 36.3 years, and 90% of the deceased were aged under 50 years. Since there is no officially reported data regarding the prevalence of causes and manners of custodial deaths in China, our analysis contributes to enhancing the understanding of such deaths in central China and serves as a reference for law enforcement to develop a prevention program to reduce incidents of mortality in custody.

Indexed as

Correctional FacilitiesAdultCause of DeathChinaFemaleHumansMaleMortalityPrisonersRetrospective StudiesCustodial deathDetaineeForensic pathologyForensic science

Identifiers

PMID31802193

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.