SynthesisThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2020
The CINP Guidelines on the Definition and Evidence-Based Interventions for Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Disorder.
Synthesis in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenges in defining treatment-resistant mania in adults: A systematic review.Bipolar disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Lithium treatment of Bipolar disorder in adults: A systematic review of randomized trials and meta-analyses.European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- The efficacy of adjunctiveThe British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2025Trial
- Pharmacological Management, Safety, and Outcomes in Bipolar Disorder: An Integrated Narrative Review of Clinical and Translational Evidence.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Review
- Pharmacotherapeutic Options in Drug-Resistant Bipolar Depression: From Molecular Mechanisms to Rational Polypharmacotherapy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Distinct and common subcortical functional connectivity revealed across three major psychiatric disorders.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Electroconvulsive therapy and autobiographical memory.Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law · 2026Article
- Clinical practice guidelines for the management of bipolar disorder: 2025 update.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Defining Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression: Recommendations From the ISBD Task Force.Bipolar disorders · 2025Review
- Challenges in the development of treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Bipolar disorders: an update on critical aspects.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Review
- Exploring the role of TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-6 serum levels in categorical and noncategorical models of mood and psychosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Climate Change and Psychiatry: The Correlation between the Mean Monthly Temperature and Admissions to an Acute Inpatient Unit.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Role of Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine Infusion, and Deep Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression: A Case Report.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Global perspectives on bipolar disorder treatment: in-depth comparative analysis of international guidelines for medication selection.BJPsych open · 2024Review
- Cariprazine Augmentation in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression: Data from a Retrospective Observational Study.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Observational
- Exploration of Psychiatry Residents' Attitudes toward Patients with Substance Use Disorder, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia in Saudi Arabia.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Current and future directions of drug delivery for the treatment of mental illnesses.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Pramipexole Augmentation for Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Optimizing multi-domain hematologic biomarkers and clinical features for the differential diagnosis of unipolar depression and bipolar depression.Npj mental health research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundResistant bipolar disorder is a major mental health problem related to significant disability and overall cost. The aim of the current study was to perform a systematic review of the literature concerning (1) the definition of treatment resistance in bipolar disorder, (2) its clinical and (3) neurobiological correlates, and (4) the evidence-based treatment options for treatment-resistant bipolar disorder and for eventually developing guidelines for the treatment of this condition. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe PRISMA method was used to identify all published papers relevant to the definition of treatment resistance in bipolar disorder and the associated evidence-based treatment options. The MEDLINE was searched to April 22, 2018.
resultsCriteria were developed for the identification of resistance in bipolar disorder concerning all phases. The search of the literature identified all published studies concerning treatment options. The data were classified according to strength, and separate guidelines regarding resistant acute mania, acute bipolar depression, and the maintenance phase were developed. DISCUSSION: The definition of resistance in bipolar disorder is by itself difficult due to the complexity of the clinical picture, course, and treatment options. The current guidelines are the first, to our knowledge, developed specifically for the treatment of resistant bipolar disorder patients, and they also include an operationalized definition of treatment resistance. They were based on a thorough and deep search of the literature and utilize as much as possible an evidence-based approach.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.