ArticleCell death & disease2019
Gastric cancer-derived mesenchymal stromal cells trigger M2 macrophage polarization that promotes metastasis and EMT in gastric cancer.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 225 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
225 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 377 citations in OpenAlex.
- From mechanism to therapy: advances in macrophage polarisation and targeted intervention in osteosarcoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The Prognostic and Clinical Value of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- OLR1 drives gastric cancer progression through NF-κB activation and immunosuppressive macrophage polarization.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Fusion-driven oncogenic programs shape the immune landscape in translocation renal cell carcinoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in malignancies: current status and future prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stromal cells regulate M2 macrophage polarization that promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of renal cell carcinoma cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Small Extracellular Vesicles-Derived Circ6718 Unlocks Stromal Remodeling and Serves as a Biomarker in Gastric Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The "Hit-and-Run" legacy: epigenetic locking and the survival switch in H. pylori-associated gastric cancer.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Fragile histidine triad (FHIT) suppresses gastric cancer via translational regulation of the epigenetic modifier KDM6B.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- MiR-551b-5p deficiency associates with malignant phenotypes in gastric cancer: potential mediation by TRAF6.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages as key orchestrators of gastric cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- A tissue-to-blood mRNA classifier enables early detection of gastric cancer risk in precancerous lesions.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2026Article
- ITPG: an immune-related transcriptomic predictive model for gastric cancer prognosis.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Cross-cohort multi-omics analysis identifies novel clusters driven by epithelial-mesenchymal transition signatures in gastric cancer.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- The role of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer development and their significance as prognostic markers.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Tumor microenvironment dynamics in gastric cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Elucidation of the mechanism of Jinmaitong against Diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on a combined strategy of network pharmacology and molecular biology.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Collaborative Networks in Gastric Cancer and Helicobacter Pylori Studies.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Review
- Adverse Outcome Pathway 298: Increase in Reactive Oxygen Species Leading to Human Treatment-Resistant Gastric Cancer.Cancers · 2026Article
165 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Resident macrophages in the tumor microenvironment exert a dual role in tumor progression. So far, the mechanism of intratumoral macrophage generation is still largely unknown. In the present study, the importance of macrophages in the pro-tumor role of gastric cancer-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (GC-MSCs) was observed in a mouse xenograft model with macrophage depletion. In gastric cancer tissues, high expression levels of Ym-1, Fizz-1, arginase-1, and CCR-2, as well as a low expression level of iNOS, were verified, and co-localization of GC-MSCs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) was observed by dual immunofluorescence histochemistry. TAMs isolated from gastric cancer tissues predominantly displayed an M2 phenotype. In a co-culture system, the contribution of GC-MSCs to M2 polarization of macrophages was confirmed by the M2-related protein expression, M2-like immunophenotype and cytokine profile of GC-MSC-primed macrophages in vitro. Blockade of IL-6/IL-8 by neutralizing antibodies significantly attenuated the promoting effect of GC-MSCs on M2-like macrophage polarization via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. In addition, GC-MSC-primed macrophages promoted the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, and the process of EMT in gastric cancer cells was significantly enhanced by GC-MSC-primed macrophage treatment. Our study showed that tumor-promoting GC-MSCs contribute to M2 macrophage polarization within the gastric cancer niche through considerable secretion of IL-6 and IL-8. These GC-MSC-primed macrophages can subsequently prompt gastric cancer metastasis via EMT promotion in gastric cancer cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.