ArticlePloS one2019
Associations between adverse childhood family environments and blood pressure differ between men and women.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Blood Pressure in Women in the United States: A Systematic Review.Journal of midwifery & women's health · 2021Pooled it
- Childhood maltreatment and adult blood pressure-based outcomes: age- and sex-specific associations in the German National Cohort (NAKO).BMC public health · 2026Article
- Childhood trauma, adolescent risk behaviours and cardiovascular health indices in the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Positive childhood experiences in obesity and hypertension among young adults: Associations across adverse childhood experiences levels.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- Childhood Family Stress and Women's Health: Parasympathetic Activity as a Risk and Resiliency Factor.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2024Article
- Adverse childhood experiences and trauma informed care for chiropractors: a call to awareness and action.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2023Article
- Family promotion of children's healthy lifestyles during the COVID-19 pandemic in light of Saudi Vision 2030.Family relations · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is unclear how adverse childhood family environments differentially impact adult health outcomes among men and women. This brief communication reports on the independent and joint effects of adverse childhood family environments and sex on indicators of health in adulthood. METHODS &
results213 18-55-year olds reported on their childhood family environment (Risky Families Questionnaire (RFQ); Family Environment Scale (FEStotal)) and their current perceived stress and depressive and anxious affect. Resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were taken during a laboratory visit, and total cortisol output was measured in saliva samples collected at home. Exposure to childhood adversity did not vary by sex. Women had lower SBP, DBP, and total cortisol output, but higher HR, than men (ps < .05). Sex moderated the association between childhood family environment and SBP (RFQ: B = -.316; SE = .120; p = .009; FEStotal: B = -.274; SE = .117; p = .021) and DBP (FEStotal: B = -.193; SE = .094; p = .041), such that exposure to greater childhood adversity was linked to lower BP in women only. Results were largely unchanged after adjusting for concurrent perceived stress and depressive and anxious affect. Separate effects of individual FES subscales are also discussed.
conclusionsContrary to expectations, exposure to adverse childhood family environments was associated with lower resting BP among women, perhaps indicative of basal cardiovascular hypoactivation, whereas early adversity was not linked to BP among men.
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