ArticleSSM - population health2020
Do procrastinators get worse sleep? Cross-sectional study of US adolescents and young adults.
Article in SSM - population health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Procrastination, stress, and self-rated health: A multi-sample meta-analysis.British journal of health psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Behavioral Procrastination and Heart Age Acceleration in a Large Occupational Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between State Boredom and Sleep-Wake Disruptions: A Mediation Model via Smartphone Addiction and Bedtime Procrastination.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Academic Procrastination Scale-Short (APS-S): psychometric validation of the Spanish version in Honduran undergraduate students.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Article
- Linking Mindfulness to Sleep Deprivation in Adolescents:The Role of General Procrastination and Phubbing.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2025Article
- The translation and validation of the procrastination and precrastination traits scale in the modern Arabic Language.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anxiety and sleep hygiene among college students, a moderated mediating model.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Interplay among bedtime procrastination, sleep patterns, and subjective wellbeing in the Indian population: An observational study.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- The development and validation of a one-off scale to measure procrastination and precrastination traits in young adults.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Investigating the link between trait procrastination and college students' sleep quality: the mediating role of self-efficacy and executive function.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Later ("evening") circadian preference is associated with poorer executive, academic, and attentional functioning in adolescents with and without ADHD.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- General procrastination and bedtime procrastination as serial mediators of the relationship between temporal perspective and sleep outcomes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Procrastination and Health in Nurses: Investigating the Roles of Stress, Health Behaviours and Social Support.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- A Longitudinal Investigation on the Reciprocal Relationship of Problematic Smartphone Use with Bedtime Procrastination, Sleep Quality, and Mental Health Among University Students.Psychology research and behavior management · 2024Article
- Nomophobia (No Mobile Phone Phobia) and Psychological Health Issues among Young Adult Students.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2023Article
- Associations of multiple sleep dimensions with overall and abdominal obesity among children and adolescents: a population-based cross-sectional study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Article
- Procrastination and Stress: A Conceptual Review of Why Context Matters.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Sluggish Cognitive Tempo among Iranian Children and Adolescents: A Validation Study of the Farsi Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI)-Parent Version.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Examining bedtime procrastination, study engagement, and studyholism in undergraduate students, and their association with insomnia.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Procrastination is a widespread habit that has been understudied in the realm of health behaviors, especially sleep. This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional relationships between procrastination and multiple dimensions of sleep in a large national sample of US adolescents and young adults. A random sample of 8742 students from 11 US universities provided self-reports of procrastination (measured by the General Procrastination Scale-Short Form with scores ranging from 1 to 5) and sleep behaviors including social jetlag (the absolute difference between mid-sleep times on weeknights and weekend nights), sleep duration (mean weekly, weeknight, and weekend night), insomnia symptoms (trouble falling/staying asleep), daytime sleepiness, and sleep medication use. Multiple linear regression and Poisson regression models adjusted for socio-demographic and academic characteristics as well as response propensity weights. Higher levels of procrastination were significantly associated with greater social jetlag (β = 3.34 min per unit increase in the procrastination score; 95% CI [1.86, 4.81]), shorter mean weekly sleep duration (β = -4.44 min; 95% CI [-6.36, -2.52]), and shorter weeknight sleep duration (β = -6.10 min; 95% CI [-8.37, -3.84]), but not weekend night sleep duration. Moreover, procrastination was associated with insomnia symptoms (Relative Risk (RR) = 1.27; 95% CI [1.19, 1.37]) and daytime sleepiness (RR = 1.32; 95% CI [1.27, 1.38]), but not sleep medication use. The results were robust to adjustment for anxiety and depressive symptoms. Procrastination was associated with greater social jetlag, shorter sleep duration, and worse sleep quality. If causal, the results suggest that interventions to prevent and manage procrastination might help students to improve their sleep health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.