ArticleBMJ global health2019
Effectiveness of a multilevel intervention to reduce violence and increase condom use in intimate partnerships among female sex workers: cluster randomised controlled trial in Karnataka, India.
Article in BMJ global health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02807259 (Evaluation of Samvedana Plus), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Samvedana Plus: An Intervention With Female Sex Workers (FSWs) and Their Intimate Partners to Reduce Partner Violence and Increase Consistent Condom Use Within Intimate Relationships
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated domestic violence and reproductive health interventions in India: a systematic review.Reproductive health · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions to Prevent Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Violence against women · 2024Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Community-Based Intimate Partner Violence Interventions in India.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Relationships Between Stigma and Intimate Partner Violence Among Female Sex Workers Living With HIV: Social and Economic Exclusion.Violence against women · 2023Article
- Intertwined epidemics: progress, gaps, and opportunities to address intimate partner violence and HIV among key populations of women.The lancet. HIV · 2022Review
- Elements of the Design and Implementation of Interventions to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls Associated with Success: Reflections from the What Works to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls? Global Programme.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Prevalence and correlates of common mental health problems and recent suicidal thoughts and behaviours among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.BMC psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSamvedana Plus is a multilevel intervention working with sex workers, their intimate partners (IPs) and communities to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) and to increase condom use within intimate relationships of sex workers in Northern Karnataka, India.
methodsA cluster randomised controlled trial in 47 villages. Female sex workers with IPs in the last 6 months were eligible for baseline (2014), midline (2016) and endline (2017) surveys. 24 villages were randomised to Samvedana Plus and 23 to a wait-list control. Primary outcomes among sex workers included experience of physical and/or sexual IPV or severe physical/sexual IPV in the last 6 months and consistent condom use with their IP in past 30 days. Analyses adjusted for clustering and baseline cluster-level means of outcomes.
resultBaseline (n=620) imbalance was observed with respect to age (33.9 vs 35.2) and IPV (31.4% vs 45.0%). No differences in physical/sexual IPV (8.1% vs 9.0%), severe physical/sexual IPV (6.9% vs 8.7%) or consistent condom use with IPs (62.5% vs 57.3%) were observed by trial arm at end line (n=547). Samvedana Plus was associated with decreased acceptance of IPV (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.62, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.94, p=0.025), increased awareness of self-protection strategies (AOR=1.73, 95% CI=1.04-2.89, p=0.035) and solidarity of sex workers around issues of IPV (AOR=1.69, 95% CI=1.02-2.82, p=0.042). We observed an increase in IPV between baseline (25.9%) and midline (63.5%) among women in Samvedana Plus villages but lower in comparison villages (41.8%-44.3%) and a sharp decrease at end line in both arms (~8%).
conclusionWe found no evidence that Samvedana Plus reduced IPV or increased condom use, but it may impact acceptance of IPV, increase knowledge of self-protection strategies and increase sex worker solidarity. Inconsistencies in reported IPV undermined the ability of the trial to assess effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02807259.
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