Observational studyBMJ open diabetes research & care2019
Antidiabetic medication use during pregnancy: an international utilization study.
Observational study in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: An Endocrine Society and European Society of Endocrinology Joint Clinical Practice Guideline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Guideline
- Article
- Variation in gestational diabetes diagnosis and care practices in maternity services in three high-income countries; a cross-sectional survey.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular outcome in 12-month-old male and female offspring of metformin-treated obese mice.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- A population-based cohort to evaluate drug safety during pregnancy (PREGVAL): rationale, design, and baseline characteristics.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- From Standard of Care to Emerging Innovations: Navigating the Evolution of Pharmacological Treatment of Gestational Diabetes.American journal of perinatology · 2025Review
- Metformin and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women with gestational diabetes in the United Kingdom: A population-based cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Neonatal outcome following metformin-treated gestational diabetes mellitus: A population-based cohort study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Article
- Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Other Second-Line Antidiabetics in Early Pregnancy.JAMA internal medicine · 2024Observational
- Achieving comparability in glycemic control between antidiabetic treatment strategies in pregnancy when using real world data.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2023Article
- Patterns of Prescription Medication Use during the First Trimester of Pregnancy in the United States, 1997-2018.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2023Article
- Antidiabetic Medication Utilisation before and during Pregnancy in Switzerland between 2012 and 2019: An Administrative Claim Database from the MAMA Cohort.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Article
- Metformin in pregnancy and risk of abnormal growth outcomes at birth: a register-based cohort study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Article
- Sex-specific effects of maternal metformin intervention during glucose-intolerant obese pregnancy on body composition and metabolic health in aged mouse offspring.Diabetologia · 2022Article
- Impact of pharmacological treatment of gestational diabetes on the mode of delivery and birth weight: a nationwide population-based study on a subset of singleton pregnant Portuguese women.Acta diabetologica · 2022Observational
- Maternal diabetes negatively impacts fetal health.Open biology · 2022Review
- Metformin: Sex/Gender Differences in Its Uses and Effects-Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- The use of glucose-lowering medications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy in the United States.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2022Article
- Changing patterns in medication prescription for gestational diabetes during a time of guideline change in the USA: a cross-sectional study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022 · on this mapArticle
- Metformin in pregnancy and risk of adverse long-term outcomes: a register-based cohort study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes in pregnancy and consequently the need for treatment with antidiabetic medication (ADM) has become increasingly prevalent. The prevalence and patterns of use of ADM in pregnancy from 2006 onward in seven different countries was assessed. Research design and methods: Data sources included individually linked data from the nationwide health registers in Denmark (2006-2016), Finland (2006-2016), Iceland (2006-2012), Norway (2006-2015), Sweden (2006-2015), state-wide administrative and claims data for New South Wales, Australia (2006-2012) and two US insurance databases: Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX; 2006-2012, public) and IBM MarketScan (2012-2015, private). The prevalence of ADM use was calculated as the proportion of pregnancies with at least one filled prescription of an ADM in the 90 days before pregnancy or within the three trimesters of pregnancy. Results: Prevalence of any ADM use in 5 279 231 pregnancies was 3% (n=147 999) and varied from under 2% (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) to above 5% (Australia and US). Insulin was the most used ADM, and metformin was the most used oral hypoglycemic agent with increasing use over time in all countries. In 11.4%-62.5% of pregnancies with prepregnancy use, ADM (primarily metformin) was discontinued. When ADM treatment was initiated in late pregnancy for treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus, insulin was most often dispensed, except in the US, where glibenclamide was most often used. Conclusions: Prevalence and patterns of use of ADM classes varied between countries and over time. While insulin remained the most common ADM used in pregnancy, metformin use increased significantly over the study period.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.