ArticleJournal of neurotrauma2020
Growth Hormone Alters Brain Morphometry, Connectivity, and Behavior in Subjects with Fatigue after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.
Article in Journal of neurotrauma, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone on cognition and brain connectivity in adults with cognition ranging from normal to mild cognitive impairment.eNeurologicalSci · 2026Article
- Positive Evolution of a Child Suffering from Caudal Regression Syndrome and Agenesia Sacra After Treatment with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Concussion and the Autonomic, Immune, and Endocrine Systems: An Introduction to the Field and a Treatment Framework for Persisting Symptoms.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Brain fog in Parkinson's disease: unraveling mechanisms and measuring impact.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Growth hormone treatment for neurologic symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- The Fatigue and Altered Cognition Scale among SARS-CoV-2 Survivors: Psychometric Properties and Item Correlations with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Coverage of education and training of traumatic brain injury-induced growth hormone deficiency in US residency and fellowship programs: a cross-sectional study.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- The altered TBI fecal microbiome is stable and functionally distinct.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Article
- 2022 Cannon lecture: an ode to signal transduction: how the growth hormone pathway revealed insight into height, malignancy, and obesity.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Efficient assessment of brain fog and fatigue: Development of the Fatigue and Altered Cognition Scale (FACs).PloS one · 2023Article
- New insight into the importance of formulation variables on parenteral growth hormone preparations: potential effect on the injection-site pain.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Growth hormone deficiency testing and treatment following mild traumatic brain injury.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Experience of a Pituitary Clinic for US Military Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pituitary dysfunction with reduced growth hormone (GH) secretion is common in patients following traumatic brain injury (TBI), and these patients often develop chronic symptoms including fatigue and altered cognition. We examined 18 subjects with a history of mild TBI, fatigue, and insufficient GH secretion. Subjects received GH replacement in a year-long, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, and were assessed for changes in physical performance, body composition, resting energy expenditure, fatigue, sleep, mood, and neuropsychological status. Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess changes in brain structure and resting state functional connectivity. GH replacement resulted in decreased fatigue, sleep disturbance, and anxiety, as well as increased resting energy expenditure, improved body composition, and altered perception of submaximal effort when performing exercise testing. Associated brain changes included increased frontal cortical thickness and gray matter volume and resting state connectivity changes in regions associated with somatosensory networks. GH replacement altered brain morphology and connectivity and reduced fatigue and related symptoms in mild TBI patients. Additional studies are needed to understand the mechanisms causing TBI-related fatigue and symptom relief with GH replacement.
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Registered trials
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