ArticleAnnals of intensive care2019
IgM-enriched immunoglobulins (Pentaglobin) may improve the microcirculation in sepsis: a pilot randomized trial.
Article in Annals of intensive care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02655133 (Effects on Sublingual Microcirculation of IgGAM Immunoglobulins), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects on Sublingual Microcirculation of IgGAM Immunoglobulins (Pentaglobin®) in Severe Septic/Septic Shock Patients: a Randomized Controller Trial.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- IgM-Enriched Immunoglobulin As Adjunctive Therapy in Adult Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Critical care explorations · 2026Pooled it
- The immunomodulating activity of trimodulin (polyvalent IgM, IgA, IgG solution): a post hoc analysis of the phase II CIGMA trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Trial
- Effect of high-dose intravenous ascorbic acid on microcirculation and endothelial glycocalyx during sepsis and septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Trial
- Pneumolysin induces platelet destruction, not platelet activation, which can be prevented by immunoglobulin preparations in vitro.Blood advances · 2020Trial
- Exploring the mechanism of polymorphonuclear neutrophils against sepsis based on immune model.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Early Immune Phenotype-Guided Immunomodulatory Strategies and Intensive Care Outcomes in Septic Shock: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Observational
- IgM- and IgA-Enriched Intravenous Immunoglobulin Combined with Cryopreserved Human Amniotic Membrane for Pediatric Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Case Report.European burn journal · 2026Article
- Early hematologic cellular effects of IgM-enriched intravenous immunoglobulin in pediatric sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Modes of (Inter)Actions of Polyvalent Immunoglobulins: Nonclinical and Clinical Research in Severe Bacterial Infections.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Hemorheological and microcirculatory effects of Pentaglobin therapy in an experimental model of fulminant sepsis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Effects of Endotoxemia and Blood Pressure on Microcirculation and Noradrenaline Needs With or Without Dexmedetomidine in Beagle Dogs-A Blinded Cross-Over Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Review
- Microcirculation-guided resuscitation in sepsis: the next frontier?Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Comparative Effectiveness of Combined IgM-Enriched Immunoglobulin and Extracorporeal Blood Purification Plus Standard Care Versus Standard Care for Sepsis and Septic Shock after Cardiac Surgery.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Intravenous immunoglobulin as an important adjunct in the prevention and therapy of coronavirus 2019 disease.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2021Review
- Treating Critically Ill Patients Experiencing SARS-CoV-2 Severe Infection with Ig-M and Ig-A Enriched Ig-G Infusion.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Adjunctive Immunotherapy With Polyclonal Ig-M Enriched Immunoglobulins for Septic Shock: From Bench to Bedside. The Rationale for a Personalized Treatment Protocol.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Best-practice IgM- and IgA-enriched immunoglobulin use in patients with sepsis.Annals of intensive care · 2020Review
- Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulins in Sepsis Therapy-A Clinical View.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Corona (COVID-19) time musings: Our involvement in COVID-19 pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and vaccine planning.Autoimmunity reviews · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPolyclonal or IgM-enriched immunoglobulins may be beneficial during sepsis as an adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy. We aimed to test whether the infusion of IgM-enriched immunoglobulins improves microvascular perfusion during sepsis.
methodsSingle-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial including adult patients with a diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock for less than 24 h. Patients received an intravenous infusion of 250 mg/kg (5 mL/kg) per day of IgM-enriched immunoglobulins (Pentaglobin, n = 10) for 72 h or placebo (NaCl 0.9%, n = 9). At baseline and after 24 and 72 h of infusion, the sublingual microcirculation was assessed with Incident Dark Field videomicroscopy. Thenar near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was applied with a vascular occlusion test to assess tissue oxygenation and microvascular reactivity. Levels of interleukin (IL) 1-beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor alpha were measured in the serum.
resultsThe perfused vessel density (PVD) for small vessels (diameter < 20 micron) increased in the Pentaglobin group (from 21.7 ± 4.7 to 25.5 ± 5.1 mm/mm
conclusionsA 72-h infusion of IgM-enriched immunoglobulins (Pentaglobin) in patients with sepsis or septic shock may be associated with an increase in sublingual microvascular perfusion. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings. Trial registration NCT02655133, www.ClinicalTrials.gov, date of registration 7th January 2016, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02655133.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.