ArticleRetrovirology2019
Cardiovascular disease risk in an urban African population: a cross-sectional analysis on the role of HIV and antiretroviral treatment.
Article in Retrovirology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Prevention of cardiovascular disease among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.Progress in cardiovascular diseasesPooled it
- Patterns of Immune Activation in HIV and Non HIV Subjects and Its Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Risk.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- HIV and ART status at baseline are associated longitudinally with increased pulse wave velocity: findings from the Ndlovu Cohort Study.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Comparative 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in Ethiopian HIV patients on first-line versus second-line combined antiretroviral therapy.Atherosclerosis plus · 2025Article
- The heart and HIV therapy: exploring the dual cardiovascular impact of antiretroviral treatment - a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Brief communication: comorbidities and aging in people living with HIV.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Review
- Prevalence and associations of chronic kidney disease among antiretroviral therapy-naïve persons living with HIV in Lagos, Nigeria.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Cardiac and Renal Comorbidities in Aging People Living With HIV.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Evaluating the use of antiviral drugs in HIV patients with cardiovascular diseases and how to reduce the incidence of cardiac events in these patients.American journal of cardiovascular disease · 2024Review
- Review
- The influence of smoking and HIV infection on pulmonary function.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2022Article
- Treated HIV Infection and Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Rural Uganda: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Observational
- The influence of HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment on pulmonary function in individuals in an urban setting in sub-Saharan Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2021Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Burden in Rural Africa: Does HIV and Antiretroviral Treatment Play a Role?: Baseline Analysis of the Ndlovu Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- HIV and cardiovascular disease.The lancet. HIV · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLife expectancy is increasing in the HIV-positive population and age-related non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, (CVD) are seen more frequently. This study investigated to what extent HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with CVD risk in an urban African population.
methodsA cross-sectional study was performed in Johannesburg, South Africa, between July 2016 and November 2017. Both HIV-positive adults (ART-naïve, or on first- or second-line ART), as well as age and sex matched HIV-negative controls who were family or friends of the HIV-positive participants were included. Data were collected on demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, HIV-related characteristics, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid distensibility. The association between HIV, ART and CIMT and distensibility was analysed with linear regression models, adjusting for age, gender and CVD risk factors.
resultsThe study included 548 participants, 337 (62%) females, age 38.3 ± 9.5 years of whom 104 (19.0%) were HIV-positive, ART-naïve; 94 (17.2%) were on first-line ART; 197 (35.9%) were on second-line ART; and 153 (27.9%) were HIV-negative. Participants on second-line ART had higher CIMT and lower distensibility compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, these outcomes were similar between groups. Further adjustment for CVD and HIV-related factors did not alter the findings.
conclusionNeither HIV nor ART was associated with CIMT or carotid distensibility in this urban African population. Longitudinal studies are needed to fully understand the relationship between HIV and CVD across different populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.