Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31795080›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2019

Vehicular Traffic Congestion Classification by Visual Features and Deep Learning Approaches: A Comparison.

Donato Impedovo, Fabrizio Balducci, Vincenzo Dentamaro, Giuseppe Pirlo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Donato ImpedovoDipartimento di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9285-2555
Fabrizio BalducciDipartimento di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1174-4323
Vincenzo DentamaroDipartimento di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1148-332X
Giuseppe PirloDipartimento di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Automatic traffic flow classification is useful to reveal road congestions and accidents. Nowadays, roads and highways are equipped with a huge amount of surveillance cameras, which can be used for real-time vehicle identification, and thus providing traffic flow estimation. This research provides a comparative analysis of state-of-the-art object detectors, visual features, and classification models useful to implement traffic state estimations. More specifically, three different object detectors are compared to identify vehicles. Four machine learning techniques are successively employed to explore five visual features for classification aims. These classic machine learning approaches are compared with the deep learning techniques. This research demonstrates that, when methods and resources are properly implemented and tested, results are very encouraging for both methods, but the deep learning method is the most accurately performing one reaching an accuracy of 99.9% for binary traffic state classification and 98.6% for multiclass classification.

Indexed as

benchmarkdeep learningvehicular traffic congestionvehicular traffic flow classificationvehicular traffic flow detectionvideo classification

Identifiers

PMID31795080
PMCPMC6929094

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.