Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31792577›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of urology2020

High-resolution imaging reveals microbial biofilms on patient urinary catheters despite antibiotic administration.

Jennifer N Walker, Ana L Flores-Mireles, Aaron J L Lynch, Chloe Pinkner, Michael G Caparon, Scott J Hultgren, Alana Desai

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of urology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. mBio · 2026
    Article
  2. Biofilm-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in PediatricAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. The unique Efg1 fungal virulence regulon in the catheterized bladder environment.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
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  7. CAUTIon - not all UTIs are the same.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025
    Review
  8. Metabolic cross-talk promotes persistence ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jennifer N WalkerDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.
Ana L Flores-MirelesDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.
Aaron J L LynchDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.
Chloe PinknerDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.
Michael G CaparonDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.
Scott J HultgrenDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.
Alana DesaiDivision of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 4960 Children's Place, Box 8242, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA. desaia@wudosis.wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-8959
Washington University in St. Louis · USSt. Louis Children's Hospital · USUniversity of Notre Dame · US

Funding

MOLECULAR BASIS OF E. COLI ADHESINS IN BLADDER DISORDERSR01DK051406 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SCOTT J. HULTGREN · 1997 to 2026
$8.8M
EBPA-FIBROGEN INTERACTION IN ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS CAUTIR01AI108749 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CAPARON, MICHAEL G. · 2014 to 2017
$1.5M
Understanding the role of inflammation, fibrinogen and neutrophils in persistence of E. faecalis during CAUTIF32DK104516 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI FLORES-MIRELES, ANA LIDIA · 2014 to 2017
$172k
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R01-AI108749-01NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI108749NIDDK NIH HHS F32 DK104516NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK051406NIDDK NIH HHS R01-DK051406
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCatheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are a significant cause of morbidity worldwide, as they account for 40% of all hospital-associated infections. Microbial biofilm formation on urinary catheters (UCs) limits antibiotic efficacy, making CAUTI extremely difficult to treat. To gain insight into the spatiotemporal microbe interactions on the catheter surface we sought to determine how the presence or absence of bacteriuria prior to catheterization affects the organism that ultimately forms a biofilm on the UC and how long after catheterization they emerge.

methodsThirty UCs were collected from patients who received a urine culture prior to catheterization, a UC, and antibiotics as part of standard of care. Immunofluorescence imaging and scanning electron microscopy were used to visualize patient UCs.

resultsMost patients did not have bacteria in their urine (based on standard urinalysis) prior to catheterization, yet microbes were detected on the majority of UCs, even with dwell times of < 3 days. The most frequently identified microbes were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli.

conclusionsThis study indicates that despite patients having negative urine cultures and receiving antibiotics prior to catheter placement, microbes, including uropathogens associated with causing CAUTI, could be readily detected on UCs with short dwell times. This suggests that a potential microbial catheter reservoir can form soon after placement, even in the presence of antibiotics, which may serve to facilitate the development of CAUTI. Thus, removing and/or replacing UCs as soon as possible is of critical importance to reduce the risk of developing CAUTI.

Indexed as

Equipment ContaminationAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriaBacteriuriaBiofilmsFemaleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueHumansMaleMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningUrinary CathetersAnti-Bacterial AgentsAsymptomatic catheter-associated bacteriuriaCatheter colonizationCAUTIMicrobial biofilmsUrinary catheterization

Identifiers

PMID31792577
PMCPMC7778452
OpenAlexW2993014960

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.