ArticleMolecular psychiatry2021
Identification of genetic overlap and novel risk loci for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: transition to psychotic disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Polygenic profiles in youth with early-onset psychosis and offspring of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder patients.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Reduced emotion-generated frontolimbic functional connectivity in psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with and without familial risk for bipolar I disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Regulatory Potential of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Bipolar Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sex-specific diagnostic trajectories and time to transition from non-SMI to severe mental illness in Chinese adolescent inpatients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Advancing the prediction of factors associated with bipolar disorder risk: utilizing early recognition tools and polygenic risk scores.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2025Article
- The genetic overlap between major depressive disorder, white blood cell counts and interleukin 6.Journal of affective disorders reports · 2025Article
- Towards a neurodevelopmental model of bipolar disorder: a critical review of trait- and state-related functional neuroimaging in adolescents and young adults.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- ADHD symptom trajectories across childhood and early adolescence and risk for hypomanic symptoms in young adulthood.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Observational
- Cortical and subcortical structural differences in psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with and without a family history of bipolar I disorder: a cross-sectional morphometric comparison.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Genetic architecture of ADHD and overlap with other psychiatric disorders and cognition-related phenotypes.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Regional microstructural differences in ADHD youth with and without a family history of bipolar I disorder.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Article
- Shared genetic architecture between irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric disorders reveals molecular pathways of the gut-brain axis.Genome medicine · 2023Article
- Segregation, integration and balance in resting-state brain functional networks associated with bipolar disorder symptoms.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- Abnormal temporal variability of rich-club organization in three major psychiatric conditions.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Triple Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder with Coexisting Bipolar and Alcohol Use Disorders: Clinical Aspects and Pharmacological Treatments.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Charting the Landscape of Genetic Overlap Between Mental Disorders and Related Traits Beyond Genetic Correlation.The American journal of psychiatry · 2022Article
- Comorbidity of adult ADHD and substance use disorder in a sample of inpatients bipolar disorder in Iran.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Immune marker levels in severe mental disorders: associations with polygenic risk scores of related mental phenotypes and psoriasis.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Differentiation and comorbidity of bipolar disorder and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents, and adults: A clinical and nosological perspective.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Differential diagnosis between childhood onset attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder (BD) remains a challenge, mainly due to overlapping symptoms and high rates of comorbidity. Despite this, genetic correlation reported for these disorders is low and non-significant. Here we aimed to better characterize the genetic architecture of these disorders utilizing recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We analyzed independent GWAS summary statistics for ADHD (19,099 cases and 34,194 controls) and BD (20,352 cases and 31,358 controls) applying the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (condFDR/conjFDR) statistical framework that increases the power to detect novel phenotype-specific and shared loci by leveraging the combined power of two GWAS. We observed cross-trait polygenic enrichment for ADHD conditioned on associations with BD, and vice versa. Leveraging this enrichment, we identified 19 novel ADHD risk loci and 40 novel BD risk loci at condFDR <0.05. Further, we identified five loci jointly associated with ADHD and BD (conjFDR < 0.05). Interestingly, these five loci show concordant directions of effect for ADHD and BD. These results highlight a shared underlying genetic risk for ADHD and BD which may help to explain the high comorbidity rates and difficulties in differentiating between ADHD and BD in the clinic. Improving our understanding of the underlying genetic architecture of these disorders may aid in the development of novel stratification tools to help reduce these diagnostic difficulties.
Indexed as
Identifiers
31792363What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.