Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31792321›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2019

Estimating Rates of Progression and Predicting Future Visual Fields in Glaucoma Using a Deep Variational Autoencoder.

Samuel I Berchuck, Sayan Mukherjee, Felipe A Medeiros

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Effect of Visual Crowding on Quality of Life in Glaucoma Patients.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Reliable and Interpretable Visual Field Progression Prediction with Diffusion Models and Conformal Risk Control.Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention · 2026
    Article
  6. A complete spatial map of mouse retinal ganglion cells reveals density and gene expression specializations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Validating Trend-Based End Points for Neuroprotection Trials in Glaucoma.Translational vision science & technology · 2023
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Samuel I BerchuckDuke Eye Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Sayan MukherjeeDepartments of Statistical Science, Mathematics, Computer Science, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Felipe A MedeirosDuke Eye Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. felipe.medeiros@duke.edu.

Funding

Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS): Functional ImpairmentR01EY021818 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MEDEIROS, FELIPE · 2011 to 2015
$3.4M
The BCI (Brain Computer Interface) Glaucoma Study: Objective Home-Based Detection of Progressive Visual Function Loss in GlaucomaR01EY029885 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI MEDEIROS, FELIPE · 2019 to 2022
$2.2M
The nGoggle: A portable brain-based device for assessment of visual function deficitsR42EY027651 · NEI · NGOGGLE, INC. · PI MEDEIROS, FELIPE, TSENG, HENRY · 2018 to 2019
$1.7M
Regulatory Assistance for nGoggle Device for Ophthalmic IndicationsR43EY027651 · NEI · NGOGGLE, INC. · PI ZAO, JOHN KAR-KIN · 2017 to 2017
$262k
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY021818NEI NIH HHS R01 EY029885NEI NIH HHS R42 EY027651NEI NIH HHS R43 EY027651U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) EY021818U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) EY027651U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) EY029885
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this manuscript we develop a deep learning algorithm to improve estimation of rates of progression and prediction of future patterns of visual field loss in glaucoma. A generalized variational auto-encoder (VAE) was trained to learn a low-dimensional representation of standard automated perimetry (SAP) visual fields using 29,161 fields from 3,832 patients. The VAE was trained on a 90% sample of the data, with randomization at the patient level. Using the remaining 10%, rates of progression and predictions were generated, with comparisons to SAP mean deviation (MD) rates and point-wise (PW) regression predictions, respectively. The longitudinal rate of change through the VAE latent space (e.g., with eight dimensions) detected a significantly higher proportion of progression than MD at two (25% vs. 9%) and four (35% vs 15%) years from baseline. Early on, VAE improved prediction over PW, with significantly smaller mean absolute error in predicting the 4

Indexed as

AgedGlaucomaHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMiddle AgedModels, BiologicalVisual FieldsVisual Field Tests

Identifiers

PMID31792321
PMCPMC6888896

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.