ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Treg-inducing microparticles promote donor-specific tolerance in experimental vascularized composite allotransplantation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of treatment strategies to combat acute and chronic rejection episodes in vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The Transformative Journey of Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.Transplantation direct · 2026Article
- Vascularised Composite Allotransplantation: Emerging Applications in Reconstructive Surgery and Solid Organ Transplantation.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- A review of immunosuppressive therapy in the context of uterine VCA and pregnancy.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Review
- [Guardians of Immune Tolerance: Regulatory T Cells].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Review
- Regulatory T cells in homeostasis and disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Development of Itaconate Polymers Microparticles for Intracellular Regulation of Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Activation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Unlocking Transplant Tolerance with Biomaterials.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- From Edmonton to Lantidra and beyond: immunoengineering islet transplantation to cure type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in transplantation · 2025Review
- IL-17A-producing γδ T cells and classical monocytes are associated with a rapid alloimmune response following vascularized composite allotransplantation in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Belatacept and regulatory T cells in transplantation: synergistic strategies for immune tolerance and graft survival.Clinical transplantation and research · 2024Review
- Immunoprotection of cellular transplants for autoimmune type 1 diabetes through local drug delivery.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Immunogenicity and tolerance induction in vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Review
- Succinate in the tumor microenvironment affects tumor growth and modulates tumor associated macrophages.Biomaterials · 2023Article
- Immune response differences in degradable and non-degradable alloy implants.Bioactive materials · 2023Review
- Targeted modulation of immune cells and tissues using engineered biomaterials.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2023Article
- The research landscape on vascularized composite allografts: a bibliometric analysis (2002-2021).American journal of translational research · 2023Article
- Donor derived hematopoietic stem cell niche transplantation facilitates mixed chimerism mediated donor specific tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Dissecting regulatory T cell expansion using polymer microparticles presenting defined ratios of self-antigen and regulatory cues.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Tregs in transplantation tolerance: role and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in transplantation · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
For individuals who sustain devastating composite tissue loss, vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA; e.g., hand and face transplantation) has the potential to restore appearance and function of the damaged tissues. As with solid organ transplantation, however, rejection must be controlled by multidrug systemic immunosuppression with substantial side effects. As an alternative therapeutic approach inspired by natural mechanisms the body uses to control inflammation, we developed a system to enrich regulatory T cells (Tregs) in an allograft. Microparticles were engineered to sustainably release TGF-β1, IL-2, and rapamycin, to induce Treg differentiation from naïve T cells. In a rat hindlimb VCA model, local administration of this Treg-inducing system, referred to as TRI-MP, prolonged allograft survival indefinitely without long-term systemic immunosuppression. TRI-MP treatment reduced expression of inflammatory mediators and enhanced expression of Treg-associated cytokines in allograft tissue. TRI-MP also enriched Treg and reduced inflammatory Th1 populations in allograft draining lymph nodes. This local immunotherapy imparted systemic donor-specific tolerance in otherwise immunocompetent rats, as evidenced by acceptance of secondary skin grafts from the hindlimb donor strain and rejection of skin grafts from a third-party donor strain. Ultimately, this therapeutic approach may reduce, or even eliminate, the need for systemic immunosuppression in VCA or solid organ transplantation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.