ArticleMalaria journal2019
Absence of knockdown mutations in pyrethroid and DDT resistant populations of the main malaria vectors in Colombia.
Article in Malaria journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Knockdown resistance (kdr) and organochlorine insecticide resistance in malaria vectors: a systematic review.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-wide analysis of genetic diversity in Anopheles darlingi from Rondônia State, Brazil.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Strengthening research and training on insecticide resistance in arthropod vectors in South America: The WINSA network.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- First large-scale assessment of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) in Brazil (2021-2024): a crucial step in informing decision-making in malaria control.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Application of a targeted amplicon sequencing panel to screen for insecticide resistance mutations in Anopheles darlingi populations from Brazil.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Distribution and frequency of genetic mutations in three insecticide targets in field populations ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles albimanus populations in historical malaria foci in Quintana Roo, Mexico.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Phenotypic resistance not associated with knockdown mutations (kdr) in Anopheles albimanus exposed to deltamethrin in southern coastal Ecuador.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Variation in Pyrethroid Resistance Phenotypes in Anopheles darlingi in an Area with Residual Malaria Transmission: Warning of Suspected Resistance in French Guiana.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Molecular diversity of genes related to biological rhythms (period and timeless) and insecticide resistance (Na V and ace-1) in Anopheles darlingi.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2023Article
- Pyrethroid resistance in the New World malaria vector Anopheles albimanus is mediated by cytochrome P450 CYP6P5.Pesticide biochemistry and physiology · 2022Article
- Evaluation of acaricidal resistance status of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks from the hilly state (Uttarakhand) of India and evaluation of efficacy of a natural formulation for the management of resistant ticks.Experimental & applied acarology · 2021Article
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8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundKnockdown resistance (kdr) is a well-characterized target-site insecticide resistance mechanism that is associated with DDT and pyrethroid resistance. Even though insecticide resistance to pyrethroids and DDT have been reported in Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles benarrochi sensu lato (s.l.), Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles nuneztovari s.l., and Anopheles pseudopunctipennis s.l. malaria vectors in Latin America, there is a knowledge gap on the role that kdr resistance mechanisms play in this resistance. The aim of this study was to establish the role that kdr mechanisms play in pyrethroid and DDT resistance in the main malaria vectors in Colombia, in addition to previously reported metabolic resistance mechanisms, such as mixed function oxidases (MFO) and nonspecific esterases (NSE) enzyme families.
methodsSurviving (n = 62) and dead (n = 67) An. nuneztovari s.l., An. darlingi and An. albimanus mosquitoes exposed to diagnostic concentrations of DDT and pyrethroid insecticides were used to amplify and sequence a ~ 225 bp fragment of the voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) gene. This fragment spanning codons 1010, 1013 and 1014 at the S6 segment of domain II to identify point mutations, which have been associated with insecticide resistance in different species of Anopheles malaria vectors.
resultsNo kdr mutations were detected in the coding sequence of this fragment in 129 samples, 62 surviving mosquitoes and 67 dead mosquitoes, of An. darlingi, An. nuneztovari s.l. and An. albimanus.
conclusionMutations in the VGSC gene, most frequently reported in other species of the genus Anopheles resistant to pyrethroid and DDT, are not associated with the low-intensity resistance detected to these insecticides in some populations of the main malaria vectors in Colombia. These results suggest that metabolic resistance mechanisms previously reported in these populations might be responsible for the resistance observed.
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