Observational studyChest2020
The Association of Nicotine Replacement Therapy With Outcomes Among Smokers Hospitalized for a Major Surgical Procedure.
Observational study in Chest, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prehabilitation for Pressure Ulcer Surgery: A Practical and Evidence-based Guide.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Prehabilitation in Obese Patients with Ventral Hernia: A Narrative Review and Proposal of a Clinical Algorithm.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Non-tobacco nicotine dependence increases risk of complications following lumbar spine decompression and fusion.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Nicotine replacement therapy during the acute phase of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in gastrectomy with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Nicotine, tobacco smoking, and pain in orthopedic trauma settings: a conceptual framework for practice and research.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2025Review
- Non-operative considerations in relation to groin and ventral hernia repair: local consensus recommendations from the Danish Hernia Database.Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery · 2025Review
- Efficacy of Inpatient, Evidence-Based Tobacco Use Treatment of Patients With Bladder Cancer After Radical Cystectomy.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2025Article
- Impact of tobacco usage on readmission and complication rates following shoulder replacement surgery: A study of 164,527 patients.Shoulder & elbow · 2023Article
- "It Is A Carrot-Stick Model": A Qualitative Study of Rural-Serving Clinician and Rural-Residing Veteran Perceptions of Requirements to Quit Smoking prior to Elective Surgery.Journal of smoking cessation · 2023Article
- Medicinal nicotine in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome, the new corticosteroid.World journal of critical care medicine · 2022Review
- Provision of free nicotine replacement therapy to parental smokers in the pediatric emergency setting.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2020Article
- Anesthetic considerations in smokers: A scoping review.Saudi journal of anaesthesiaReview
- Clinical challenges facing patient participation in cardiac rehabilitation: cigarette smoking.Expert review of cardiovascular therapyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are concerns that starting nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in the immediate perioperative period may negatively impact wound healing. We investigated the association of NRT with postoperative outcomes among smokers hospitalized for a surgical procedure.
methodsThis was a retrospective study in 552 hospitals of active smokers hospitalized between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2016 for a major surgical procedure (Medicare Severity Diagnosis-Related Group expected length of stay, ≥ 2 days). We analyzed the association of receipt of NRT within 2 days of admission with a composite outcome of inpatient complications and with other outcomes. We developed a propensity score for receipt of NRT and examined differences in outcomes in a propensity-matched cohort.
resultsOf 147,506 active smokers, 25,651 (17.4%) were prescribed NRT within 2 days of admission. Patients treated with NRT were younger; less likely to be black or Hispanic; more likely to have Medicaid; and more likely to have a diagnosis of alcohol or other substance use disorder, or COPD, compared with those who were not treated. In the propensity-matched analysis, there was no association between receipt of NRT and in-hospital complications (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.93-1.05), mortality (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.68-1.04), all-cause 30-day readmissions (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.97-1.07), or 30-day readmission for wound complications (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.86-1.07).
conclusionsThis is the first large observational study of surgical patients to demonstrate that perioperative NRT is not associated with adverse outcomes after surgery. These results strengthen the evidence that NRT should be prescribed routinely in the perioperative period.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.