ArticleSleep2020
Network outcome analysis identifies difficulty initiating sleep as a primary target for prevention of depression: a 6-year prospective study.
Article in Sleep, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep diary-derived parameters and sleep measures mediate the efficacy of transdiagnostic sleep and circadian intervention for depression.Psychological medicine · 2026Trial
- Cognitive intervention based on Positive Emotion-Engagement Relationship-Meaning-Achievement theory in patients with depression and insomnia: Application value.World journal of psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Implications of the Network Theory for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Effect of alcohol coadministration on the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and safety of lemborexant: A randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Network outcome analysis of cognitive function and daily functioning and risk of dementia among adults aged 50 years and older: an 8-year prospective study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of insomnia with anxiety might be greater than that of depression among patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a network analysis.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The Young Adult Sleep model: an evolving causal loop diagram of mental health dynamics.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- The associations between PTSD symptom clusters, insomnia, and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents with low and high levels of internet addiction: A cross-lagged network analysis.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2026Article
- Symptom Network Analysis Tools for Applied Researchers With Cross-Sectional and Panel Data - A Brief Overview and Multiverse Analysis.Psychological reports · 2025Review
- Complex temporal dynamics of mental health indicators: A longitudinal network approach perspective.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Cortical activation and functional connectivity in patients with chronic insomnia based on working memory tasks: a multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Network Analysis of Health-related Behaviors, Insomnia, and Depression Among Urban Left-behind Adolescents in China.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Suprachiasmatic nucleus dysfunction induces anxiety- and depression-like behaviors via activating the BDNF-TrkB pathway of the striatum.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Perturbation graphs, invariant causal prediction and causal relations in psychology.The British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology · 2025Article
- Echoes of Strain: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study on the Impact of China's Zero-COVID Policy on College Students' Insomnia and Depressive Symptoms.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Effects of happy sensation training group on the symptom of anxiety, depression and sleep structure: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Epidemic Perception and Cyberbullying Behaviors of Chinese Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Its high recurrence rate calls for prevention of first-onset MDD. Although meta-analysis suggested insomnia as the strongest modifiable risk factor, previous studies insufficiently addressed that insomnia might also occur as a residual symptom of unassessed prior depression, or as a comorbid complaint secondary to other depression risks.
methodsIn total, 768 participants from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety who were free from current and lifetime MDD were followed-up for four repeated assessments, spanning 6 years in total. We performed separate Cox proportional hazard analyses to evaluate whether baseline insomnia severity, short-sleep duration, and individual insomnia complaints prospectively predicted first-onset MDD during follow-up. The novel method of network outcome analysis (NOA) allowed us to sort out whether there is any direct predictive value of individual insomnia complaints among several other complaints that are associated with insomnia.
resultsOver 6-year follow-up, 141 (18.4%) were diagnosed with first-onset MDD. Insomnia severity but not sleep duration predicted first-onset MDD (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07-1.15), and this was driven solely by the insomnia complaint difficulty initiating sleep (DIS) (HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.16). NOA likewise identified DIS only to directly predict first-onset MDD, independent of four other associated depression complaints.
conclusionsWe showed prospectively that DIS is a risk factor for first-onset MDD. Among the different other insomnia symptoms, the specific treatment of DIS might be the most sensible target to combat the global burden of depression through prevention.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.