ArticleThe Science of the total environment2020
Interactions between chemicals and non-chemical stressors: The modifying effect of life events on the association between triclocarban, phenols and parabens with gestational length in a Puerto Rican cohort.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bisphenol S and female reproductive toxicity: a scoping review of human studies.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Does consumption of a high-fructose diet during pregnancy and lactation exacerbate the effects of maternal exposure to cadmium on development and metabolic function of mouse offspring?Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A · 2026Article
- Pregnancy urinary phenol biomarker concentrations in relation to serum levels of inflammatory cytokines: Results from the EARTH study.Environment international · 2025Article
- Synthesis, characterization, and application of ternary CuO/ZrORSC advances · 2025Article
- Gestational exposure to organochlorine compounds and metals and infant birth weight: effect modification by maternal hardships.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2024Article
- Urinary phenol and paraben concentrations in association with markers of inflammation during pregnancy in Puerto Rico.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and psychosocial stressors have a joint effect on adverse pregnancy outcomes in the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child cohort.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Adapting to Climate Change: Leveraging Systems-Focused Multidisciplinary Research to Promote Resilience.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Prenatal PFAS and psychosocial stress exposures in relation to fetal growth in two pregnancy cohorts: Applying environmental mixture methods to chemical and non-chemical stressors.Environment international · 2022Article
- Joint effects of prenatal exposure to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances and psychosocial stressors on corticotropin-releasing hormone during pregnancy.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2022Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Triclocarban Impairs ESR1 Signaling and Disrupts Epigenetic Status in Sex-Specific Ways as Well as Dysregulates the Expression of Neurogenesis- and Neurotransmitter-Related Genes in the Postnatal Mouse Brain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Praegnatio Perturbatio-Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals.Endocrine reviews · 2021Review
- Psychosocial status modifies the effect of maternal blood metal and metalloid concentrations on birth outcomes.Environment international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhenols and parabens are common additives to consumer products. There is evidence of adverse birth outcomes in association with prenatal exposure to these chemicals, in addition to psychosocial factors. We previously reported an increase in gestational length with bisphenol-A, methylparaben and propylparaben, and a decrease in gestational length with triclocarban.
objectivesWe examined the modifying effect of psychosocial stress on the association between chemicals and gestational length in up to 752 women among a pregnancy cohort study.
methodsUrinary biomarkers were measured at up to three time points in pregnancy. Multiple linear regression models were conducted to investigate the association between gestational length and the interaction between average exposure biomarkers and LES. Multiple linear regression models regressing the exposure biomarkers in relation to gestational length were also stratified by LES, Negative LES, and Positive LES, based on the subjective ratings of events. Results were transformed into the change in gestational length for an inter-quartile-range difference in the exposure.
resultsOf the four psychosocial stress measures, only the life events score (LES) was a significant modifier. Associations between triclocarban, bisphenol-S, methyl- and propylparaben in relation to gestational length were stronger among women with negative Total LES scores. Among women with negative Total LES scores, bisphenol-S and triclocarban were associated with a 3-5 day decrease in gestational length [(-3.15; 95% CI: -6.06, -0.24); (-4.68; 95% CI: -8.47, -0.89)], whereas methylparaben and propylparaben were associated with a 2-3 day increase in gestational length [(2.21; 95% CI: 0.02, 4.40); (2.92; 95% CI: 0.58, 5.26)]. Significant interactions were driven by negative life events, but the association with triclocarban was driven by few positive life events.
conclusionsAssociations between exposure biomarkers and gestational length were stronger in the presence of negative life events. This provides evidence that stress makes the body more vulnerable to chemical exposure.
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