ArticlePediatric research2020
Sex-specific relationships between early nutrition and neurodevelopment in preterm infants.
Article in Pediatric research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutritional Management of Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants in Low- and Low Middle-Income Countries.Neonatology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Neonatal microbiome in the multiomics era: development and its impact on long-term health.Pediatric research · 2025Review
- Sex-differences in Mothers' own milk and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Association between mitochondrial DNA copy number and neurodevelopmental outcomes among black and white preterm infants up to two years of age.Interdisciplinary nursing research · 2024Article
- Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Identification and prediction model of placenta-brain axis genes associated with neurodevelopmental delay in moderate and late preterm children.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Sex differences in preterm nutrition and growth: the evidence from human milk associated studies.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2022Review
- Cerebral Effects of Neonatal Dysglycemia.Clinics in perinatology · 2022Review
- Male Disadvantage in Oxidative Stress-Associated Complications of Prematurity: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Early visuospatial attention and processing and related neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years in children born very preterm.Pediatric research · 2021Article
- Early Enteral Feeding in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review of the Nutritional, Metabolic, and Developmental Benefits.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Do preterm girls need different nutrition to preterm boys? Sex-specific nutrition for the preterm infant.Pediatric research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough early nutrition is associated with neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years' corrected age in children born very preterm, it is not clear if these associations are different in girls and boys.
methodsRetrospective cohort study of infants born <30 weeks' gestational age or <1500 g birth weight in Auckland, NZ. Macronutrient, energy and fluid volumes per kg per day were calculated from daily nutritional intakes and averaged over days 1-7 (week 1) and 1-28 (month 1). Primary outcome was survival without neurodevelopmental impairment at 2 years corrected age.
resultsMore girls (215/478) survived without neurodevelopmental impairment at 2 years (82% vs. 72%, P = 0.02). Overall, survival without neurodevelopmental impairment was positively associated with more energy, fat, and enteral feeds in week 1, and more energy and enteral feeds in month 1 (P = 0.005-0.03), but all with sex interactions (P = 0.008-0.02). In girls but not boys, survival without neurodevelopmental impairment was positively associated with week 1 total intakes of fat (OR(95% CI) for highest vs. lowest intake quartile 62.6(6.6-1618.1), P < 0.001), energy (22.9(2.6-542.0), P = 0.03) and enteral feeds (1.9 × 10
conclusionsHigher early fat and enteral feed intakes are associated with improved outcome in girls, but not boys. Future research should determine sex-specific neonatal nutritional requirements.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.