Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31783330›Full record

SynthesisNeurobiology of aging2020

A systematic review and meta-analysis of rTMS effects on cognitive enhancement in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Ying-Hui Chou, Viet Ton That, Mark Sundman

4 registry-linked trialsAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Neurobiology of aging, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 186 papers, 29 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
186citing papers in PubMed, 29 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06482749 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Impact of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Postoperative Neurocognitive Recovery in Older Patients With Preoperative Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-blinded, Sham-controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorPeking University First HospitalRan2025 to 2029Enrolled568ConditionsOlder Patients, Cognitive Impairment, Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Delayed Neurocognitive RecoveryArmsRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, Sham stimulation
NCT06658769 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Use of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Prevention of Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Sao Paulo General HospitalRan2024 to 2026Enrolled12ConditionsPostoperative Cognitive DysfunctionArmsTheta Burst Stimulation, Theta Burst Stimulation Sham
NCT07452939 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Prefrontal Theta Burst Stimulation to Improve Cognitive Impairment After ICU Delirium: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Pilot Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of FloridaRan2026 to 2027Enrolled40ConditionsPost-delirium Cognitive ImpairmentArmsIntermittent theta burst stimulation, Sham
NCT07547319 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Clinical and Neurophysiological Effects of Accelerated rTMS on Cognitive Function: A Prospective Pilot Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorSan Francisco Neurology and Sleep CenterRan2026 to 2027Enrolled80ConditionsCognitive Decline, Cognitive ImpairmentArmsTMS
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

186 citing papers in PubMed, 29 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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126 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ying-Hui ChouDepartment of Psychology, Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA; Everlyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Arizona Center on Aging, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA. Electronic address: yinghuichou@email.arizona.edu.
Viet Ton ThatDepartment of Psychology, Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
Mark SundmanDepartment of Psychology, Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.

Funding

Research Education ComponentP30AG019610 · NIA · SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI REIMAN, ERIC MICHAEL · 2001 to 2020
$32.5M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG019610
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, has emerged as a promising treatment for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, however, the effectiveness of this therapy is unclear because of the low statistical power and heterogeneity of previous trials. The purpose of the meta-analysis was to systematically characterize the effectiveness of various combinations of rTMS parameters on different cognitive domains in patients with MCI and AD. Thirteen studies comprising 293 patients with MCI or AD were included in this analysis. Random-effects analysis revealed an overall medium-to-large effect size (0.77) favoring active rTMS over sham rTMS in the improvement of cognitive functions. Subgroup analyses revealed that (1) high-frequency rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and low-frequency rTMS at the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex significantly improved memory functions; (2) high-frequency rTMS targeting the right inferior frontal gyrus significantly enhanced executive performance; and (3) the effects of 5-30 consecutive rTMS sessions could last for 4-12 weeks. Potential mechanisms of rTMS effects on cognitive functions are discussed.

Indexed as

CognitionAlzheimer DiseaseCognitive DysfunctionHumansMemoryPrefrontal CortexTranscranial Magnetic StimulationAlzheimer's diseaseCognitionDorsolateral prefrontal cortexInterventionMemoryMild cognitive impairmentPlasticityTherapyTranscranial magnetic stimulationTreatment

Identifiers

PMID31783330
PMCPMC6995441

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.