ArticleJournal of immunology research2019
Serum Levels of BAFF and APRIL Predict Clinical Response in Anti-PLA2R-Positive Primary Membranous Nephropathy.
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Efficacy and safety of telitacicept for rituximab-refractory membranous nephropathy.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Decoding Lupus Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Therapy: From Systemic Autoimmunity to Renal Damage.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Research Advances in Rituximab-Resistant Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Immunotherapy of membranous nephropathy: strategic evolution from CD20 monoclonal antibodies to future vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exploring causality between peripheral blood B cell subtypes and membranous nephropathy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Contemporary review of primary membranous nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Povetacicept for IgA Nephropathy and Primary Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- BAFF in autoimmune kidney diseases: pathogenic pathways, biomarker potential, and therapeutic horizons.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Exploring immunological alterations of B cells in peripheral immunity via single-cell RNA sequencing: insights into primary membranous nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Monoclonal Gammopathies of Renal Significance (MGRS): An Update.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Serum BAFF levels are associated with the prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.Renal failure · 2024Article
- The Pathogenesis of Nephrotic Syndrome: A Perspective from B Cells.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Integrative profiling of untreated primary membranous nephropathy at the single-cell transcriptome level.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- The Onset of Antinuclear Antibodies (ANAs) as a Potential Risk Factor for Mortality and Morbidity in COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The thickness of glomerular basement membrane predicts complete remission in primary membranous nephropathy.Renal failure · 2023Article
- Update on the Application of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Primary Membranous Nephropathy.Drugs · 2023Review
- Unraveling the Link between Interferon-α and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From the Molecular Mechanisms to Target Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Level of interleukin-35 in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy and its predictive value for remission time.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is a renal-specific autoimmune disease caused by circulating autoantibodies that target glomerular podocyte antigens (PLA2R/THSD7A). However, very little is known on the molecular mechanisms controlling B cell response in this nephropathy. The present study was aimed at correlating the serum levels of B cell activators BAFF/BLyS and APRIL with the presence of anti-PLA2R antibodies in PMN patients and with long-term clinical outcome. To this aim, 51 patients with anti-PLA2R-positive biopsy-proven PMN and nephrotic range proteinuria (>3.5 g/24 hours) were enrolled between January 2009 and December 2015 and treated with conventional 6-month immunosuppressive therapy. After 6 months, 29 patients (56.9%) cleared circulating anti-PLA2R, while in remaining 22 (43.1%), they persisted. Intriguingly, in the first group, baseline serum levels of BAFF/BLyS and APRIL were significantly lower than those in the second one. Moreover, after 6 months of immunosuppressive therapy, an overall reduction in both cytokine serum levels was observed. However, in PMN patients with anti-PLA2R clearance, this reduction was more prominent, as compared with those with anti-PLA2R persistence. When related to clinical outcome, lower baseline BAFF/BLyS (<6.05 ng/mL) and APRIL (<4.20 ng/mL) serum levels were associated with significantly higher probability to achieve complete or partial remission after 24-month follow-up. After dividing the entire study cohort into three groups depending on both cytokine baseline serum levels, patients with both BAFF/BLyS and APRIL below the cut-off showed a significantly higher rate of complete or partial remission as compared with patients with only one cytokine above the cut-off, while the composite endpoint was achieved in a very low rate of patients with both cytokines above the cut-off. Taken together, these results provide new insights into the role of BAFF/BLyS and APRIL in both the pathogenesis of anti-PLA2R-positive PMN and the response to immunosuppressive therapy.
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