ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Low Density Granulocytes in ANCA Vasculitis Are Heterogenous and Hypo-Responsive to Anti-Myeloperoxidase Antibodies.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-density granulocyte-driven NET formation is associated with poor prognosis in IgA nephropathy with thrombotic microangiopathy.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Immature leukocyte and plasma-induced cell death reveal subclinical immune activation in EGPA patients in remission.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing of Peripheral Blood Reveals Neutrophil Heterogeneity in Childhood ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Advances in the study of low-density neutrophils in rheumatic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Can we cure vasculitis?Current opinion in immunology · 2025Review
- A CXCR4 partial agonist improves immunotherapy by targeting immunosuppressive neutrophils and cancer-driven granulopoiesis.Cancer cell · 2025Article
- Neutrophil Heterogeneity Identifies an Association of LAMP1 With Proliferative Lupus Nephritis.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Neutrophils and Platelets as Key Players in the Pathogenesis of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis and Potential Sources of Disease Activity Biomarkers.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neutrophils and NETs in kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Neutrophil single-cell analysis identifies a type II interferon-related subset for predicting relapse of autoimmune small vessel vasculitis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Immature forms of low density granulocytes are increased in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Low-Density Neutrophils: Enigmatic Cells in Health and Disease.Journal of immunology research · 2025Review
- Emergence of dysfunctional neutrophils with a defect in arginase-1 release in severe COVID-19.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Integrative profiling of untreated primary membranous nephropathy at the single-cell transcriptome level.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Effect of Immunosuppression on the Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Human Macrophages Activate Bystander Neutrophils' Metabolism and Effector Functions When Challenged withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Fc receptors are key discriminatory markers of granulocytes subsets in people living with HIV-1.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Low-density granulocytes display immature cells with enhanced NET formation in people living with HIV.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Low-density granulocytes in systemic autoimmunity and autoinflammation.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Low Density Granulocytes (LDGs), which appear in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell layer of density-separated blood, are seen in cancer, sepsis, autoimmunity, and pregnancy. Their significance in ANCA vasculitis (AAV) is little understood. As these cells bear the autoantigens associated with this condition and have been found to undergo spontaneous NETosis in other diseases, we hypothesized that they were key drivers of vascular inflammation. We found that LDGs comprise a 3-fold higher fraction of total granulocytes in active vs. remission AAV and disease controls. They are heterogeneous, split between cells displaying mature (75%), and immature (25%) phenotypes. Surprisingly, LDGs (unlike normal density granulocytes) are hyporesponsive to anti-myeloperoxidase antibody stimulation, despite expressing myeloperoxidase on their surface. They are characterized by reduced CD16, CD88, and CD10 expression, higher LOX-1 expression and immature nuclear morphology. Reduced CD16 expression is like that observed in the LDG population in umbilical cord blood and in granulocytes of humanized mice treated with G-CSF. LDGs in AAV are thus a mixed population of mature and immature neutrophils. Their poor response to anti-MPO stimulation suggests that, rather than being a primary driver of AAV pathogenesis, LDGs display characteristics consistent with generic emergency granulopoiesis responders in the context of acute inflammation.
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